3338/423 B.C.E. | Destruction of First Temple and beginning of Babylonian Exile |
3389/372 B.C.E. | Babylon falls to Medes and Persians under Darius the Mede and Cyrus the Great of Persia |
3391/370 B.C.E. | Cyrus reigns, permits Jews to return to Eretz Yisrael |
3408/353 B.C.E. | Darius the Persian permits Jews to rebuild Temple |
3442/319 B.C.E. | Beginning of Greek era |
3448/313 B.C.E. | Egyptian Ptolemaic dynasty rules Eretz Yisrael |
3562/199 B.C.E. | Antiochus III the Great, scion of the Seleucid dynasty and ruler of Syria, wrests Eretz Yisrael from Egypt |
3571/190 B.C.E. | Rome defeats Antiochus III at Magnesia |
3586/175 B.C.E. | Antiochus IV reigns |
3594/168 B.C.E. | Desecration of Temple by Antiochus |
3597/165 B.C.E. | Conquest of Temple by Hasmoneans; the miracle of Chanukah |
3598/163 B.C.E. | Antiochus IV dies |
3599/162 B.C.E. | His son, Antiochus V, besieges Jerusalem |
3600/161 B.C.E. | Demetrius I (son of Seleucus IV) rules; Alcimus appointed Kohen Gadol; defeat and death of Syrian general Nikanor (13 Adar) |
3601 /160 B.C.E. | Yehudah killed in battle; Yonasan elected leader of the Jewish rebellion |
3602/159 B.C.E. | Alcimus dies |
3609/152 B.C.E. | Alexander (Balas) I, alleged son of Antiochus IV, contests rule of Demetrius I; both recognize Yonasan as Kohen Gadol |
3610/151 B.C.E. | Alexander I rules |
3614/147 B.C.E | Alexander I deposed (by Ptolemy IV king of Egypt); Demetrius II (son of Demetrius I) rules |
3617/144 B.C.E. | Tryphon deposes Demetrius II (who escapes), and rules on (approx.) behalf of the infant Antiochus VI (son of Alexander I) |
3619/142 B.C.E. | Tryphon tricks Yonasan and kills him; Shimon takes over Kehunah Gedolah, proclaims himself ‘Prince of the Jews’ |
3619/142 B.C.E. | Tryphon kills Antiochus VI and proclaims himself king |
3621/140 B.C.E. | Sanhedrin and the People proclaim Shimon ‘Prince of the Jews’ 18 Elul). |
3621-3725/140-36 B.C.E. | Rule of the Hasmonean dynasty (Shimon, Yochanan Hyrkanos, Yehudah Aristobulus, Alexander Yannai, Queen Alexandra Hyrkanos and Aristobulus) |
3630/131 B.C.E. | Yochanan Hyrkanos forms an alliance with Antiochus VII |
3632/129 B.C.E. | Antiochus VII dies |
3698/63 B.C.E. | Roman consul Pompei conquers Jerusalem |
3725-3828/36 B.C.E.-68 C.E. | Rule of Herodian dynasty and Roman governors (Herod, Archelaus, Roman governors, Agrippa I, Roman governors) |
3828/68 C.E. | Destruction of Second Temple by Romans (according to some, the year was 3829) |
Bayit Sheini Timeline
June 29, 2006