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1,245. If the New Month is Declared in Error
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Hilchos Kiddush HaChodesh 2:9 If the members of the court personally observed the moon at the end of the 29th day before a star emerges on the night of the 30th, they may proclaim, “It is sanctified, it is sanctified” because it’s still day. If they see the moon on the night of the 30th […]
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1,243. Acceptable and Unacceptable Testimonies
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Hilchos Kiddush HaChodesh 2:5 If the witnesses say, that they saw the moon’s reflection in the water, or they saw the moon behind the clouds or in a mirror, their words are of no significance and the month cannot be sanctified based on what they saw. The same is true if they saw part of […]
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1,242. Accepting the Witnesses
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Hilchos Kiddush HaChodesh 2:3 If the court was not familiar with the witnesses who saw the moon, the residents of the city where the moon was seen would send other witnesses with them to serve as character witnesses and to inform the court that they are acceptable to serve as witnesses. After this, the court […]
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1,241. Who May Testify Regarding the Moon
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Hilchos Kiddush HaChodesh 2:1 The only testimony that is accepted regarding the moon is that of two adult males who are qualified to testify in all matters. The testimony of women and servants is not accepted in this matter. If a father and son both see the moon, they should both go the court to […]
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1,240. The Calendar is Only to Be Set in Israel
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Hilchos Kiddush HaChodesh 1:7 There is a mitzvah in the Torah for the court to calculate in order to figure out whether or not the moon will be seen, to examine witnesses so that the moon can be sanctified, and to send messengers to inform the people which day was Rosh Chodesh so that they […]
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1,239. Calculating the Moon’s Visibility
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Hilchos Kiddush HaChodesh 1:5 Observing the moon in order to determine the month is not something that each individual does as he does for Shabbos. When it comes to Shabbos, each person counts six days and rests on the seventh. Declaring the new month, however, is a responsibility designated for the court. The day that […]
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1,238. Defining Some Terms
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Hilchos Kiddush HaChodesh 1:3 The moon is concealed and cannot be seen for two days more or less each month. This occurs about a day before its conjunction with the sun at the end of the month and the day after its conjunction, after which it can be seen in the west in the evening […]
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1,237. Beginning Hilchos Kiddush HaChodesh
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Hilchos Kiddush HaChodesh 1:1 The months of the Jewish year are lunar months, as is derived from Numbers 28:14, “the burnt offering of the month when it is renewed” Exodus 12:2, “This month will be the first of months for you.” The Sages said that God prophetically showed Moshe a vision of the moon and […]
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1,236. Before and After Rosh Chodesh Nisan
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Shekalim 4:11 Starting from Rosh Chodesh Nisan, communal offerings are purchased using the new collection of half-shekels. If the new collection has not yet arrived, money from the previous year may be used. Therefore, animals designated for daily offerings that were bought using money from the previous year should be redeemed and used for mundane […]
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