{"id":13705,"date":"2011-05-19T00:01:10","date_gmt":"2011-05-19T00:01:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/production.ou.org\/life\/other\/masechet_menahot_72a78b\/"},"modified":"2015-11-02T10:19:12","modified_gmt":"2015-11-02T15:19:12","slug":"masechet_menahot_72a78b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ou.org\/life\/torah\/masechet_menahot_72a78b\/","title":{"rendered":"Masechet Menachot 72a-78b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>The Coming Week&#8217;s Daf Yomi by Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>This essay is based upon the insights and chidushim (original ideas) of Talmudic scholar Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz, as published in the Hebrew version of the Steinsaltz Edition of the Talmud.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Menachot 72a-b: Discussing the rules of meal-offerings<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The seventh <em>perek<\/em> of <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#masechet\">Masechet<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.steinsaltz.org\/learning.php?pg=Daf_Yomi&amp;articleId=2264\">Menachot<\/a><\/em> begins on today&#8217;s <em>daf<\/em>. <em>Perek &#8220;Elu Menachot&#8221;<\/em> deals mainly with clarifying the way the different meal-offerings are brought: the activities done to prepare for each type of <em>mincha<\/em>, the offering itself, and the laws pertaining to the remainder of the meal-offering that is left over after the fistful of flour is taken to the altar.<\/p>\n<p>For example, the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/torah.htm\">Torah<\/a> requires <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.steinsaltz.org\/full_handful.php\">kemitzah<\/a><\/em> as a prerequisite for the <em>mincha<\/em> offering, and that the remnants of the flour are to be given to the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/jl.htm#kohen\">kohanim<\/a><\/em> to eat (see <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/s.htm#sefer\">Sefer<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/tw.htm#vayikra\">Vayikra<\/a><\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0302.htm\">2:1-10<\/a>). The Torah does not specify, however, whether these rules apply to each and every meal-offering, or whether <em>kemitzah<\/em> applies in those cases where the entire meal-offering is sacrificed on the altar.<\/p>\n<p>The first <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#mishna\">Mishnah<\/a> lists those meal-offerings where the ordinary rules apply: the fistful of flour &#8211; the <em>kemitzah<\/em> &#8211; is separated from the rest of the offering and is sacrificed, while the remainder is given to the <em>kohanim<\/em> to eat. These include five types of voluntary <em>menachot<\/em> typically brought by Jewish men:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><em>Minchat solet<\/em> &#8211; a simple flour mixture<\/li>\n<li><em>Challot<\/em> &#8211; unleavened cakes<\/li>\n<li><em>Rekikim<\/em> &#8211; unleavened wafers<\/li>\n<li><em>Machavat<\/em> \u2013 fried<\/li>\n<li>M<em>archeshet<\/em> \u2013 cooked,\u00a0or those same voluntary <em>menachot<\/em> that are donated by non-Jews &#8211; <em>minchat goyim<\/em> &#8211; or by women &#8211; <em>minchat nashim<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>There are also a number of obligatory <em>menachot<\/em>, that have this rule, like &#8211;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Minchat HaOmer<\/em> &#8211; the meal offering brought on Passover, celebrating the new harvest \u00a0(see Vayikra <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0323.htm#10\">23:10-11<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><em>Minchat chotei<\/em> &#8211; when a person is obligated to bring a sacrifice for one of a number of specific sins, in the event that he cannot afford a more expensive sacrifice, he can bring a meal offering (see Vayikra <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0305.htm\">5:1-13<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><em>Minchat kena&#8217;ot<\/em> &#8211; the meal-offering brought by a <em>sotah<\/em> &#8211; a woman suspected of an affair (see <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/bc.htm#bamidbar\">Bamidbar<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0405.htm#25\">5:25<\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"><u>Menachot 73a-b: Can sacrificial offerings be traded?<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>As we learned on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.steinsaltz.org\/learning.php?pg=Daf_Yomi&amp;articleId=2335\">yesterday&#8217;s <em>daf<\/em><\/a>, many of the meal-offerings that are brought include a portion that is given to the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/jl.htm#kohen\">kohanim<\/a><\/em> in the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/bc.htm#beithamikdash\">Temple<\/a> to eat.<\/p>\n<p>In <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/s.htm#sefer\">Sefer<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/tw.htm#vayikra\">Vayikra<\/a><\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0307.htm#9\">7:9<\/a>), the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/torah.htm\">Torah<\/a> teaches that it is the <em>kohen<\/em> who offers the <em>mincha<\/em> who is given the opportunity to eat it. In the following passage (Vayikra <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0307.htm#10\">7:10<\/a>) it appears that all of the <em>kohanim<\/em> share equally in the meal-offerings. The <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=247&amp;letter=B\">baraita<\/a><\/em> that appears on today&#8217;s <em>daf<\/em> explains that the share belonging to the <em>kohanim<\/em> is divided amongst all of the <em>kohanim<\/em> and cannot be traded between them. That is to say, a <em>kohen<\/em> cannot exchange his share in a <em>korban mincha<\/em> for a share in an animal sacrifice of equal value. The <em>baraita<\/em> continues and derives from different words in the <em>pasuk<\/em> that neither can it be traded for a different <em>mincha<\/em> portion, nor for a sacrifice from a fowl, nor can a sacrifice from fowl be traded for an animal sacrifice, and so on.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/rashi.htm\">Rashi<\/a> explains that the situation described in the <em>baraita<\/em> is where one <em>kohen<\/em> offers to make such a trade with a fellow <em>kohen<\/em>. Later commentaries discuss the reason for this prohibition &#8211; is it because this appears to be a business transaction and it belittles the holiness of the sacrifices, or is it because the <em>kohanim<\/em> do not actually own the portions of the sacrifices, since they are effectively &#8220;eating from the Heavenly table.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>One of the questions raised by the later commentaries is why the <em>baraita<\/em> needs to find a separate source in the <em>pasuk<\/em> to prohibit each exchange of offerings. Once we determine that such exchanges are forbidden, it would seem logical that the prohibition applies to all sacrifices. The <em><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Avrohom_Yeshaya_Karelitz\">Hazon Ish<\/a><\/em> explains that since the division of the offerings is based on an agreement among the <em>kohanim<\/em>, we might have thought that similar sacrifices might possibly be interchangeable, assuming that the two <em>kohanim<\/em> agreed to the switch. The <em>baraita<\/em> is emphasizing that such exchanges are forbidden under all circumstances.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"><u>Menachot 74a-b: Plumbing under the Temple<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>As we learned at the beginning of this <em>perek<\/em>, many meal-offerings are divided, with part sacrificed on the altar and part given to the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/jl.htm#kohen\">kohanim<\/a><\/em> to eat. The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#mishna\">Mishnah<\/a> on today&#8217;s <em>daf<\/em> lists cases where the altar is &#8220;stronger&#8221; than the <em>kohanim<\/em>, inasmuch as it receives the entire meal offering, and cases where the <em>kohanim<\/em> are &#8220;stronger&#8221; than the altar, since they get to eat the entire offering, leaving none to be sacrificed.<\/p>\n<p>Cases where the altar receives the entire offering are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Minchat kohen<\/em> &#8211; The meal-offering brought by a <em>kohen<\/em>, whether it was voluntary or obligatory<\/li>\n<li><em>Minchat kohen moshiach <\/em>&#8211; The daily meal-offering brought by the <em>kohen gadol<\/em> in the morning and afternoon (see <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/tw.htm#vayikra\">Vayikra<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0306.htm#15\">6:15<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><em>Minchat nesachim<\/em> &#8211; The meal-offering that accompanied libations<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/di.htm#gemara\">Gemara<\/a> points out that it appears that there are other sacrifices, as well, where the entire offering remains on the altar with none given to the <em>kohanim<\/em>. In each example brought, however, the Gemara argues that the altar does not receive everything. Thus, for example, regarding an <em>olah<\/em> &#8211; a burnt offering &#8211; the <em>kohanim<\/em> do receive the skin of the animal. Regarding libations, which are poured on the altar and the <em>kohanim<\/em> receive nothing, the Gemara explains that they are not actually poured on the altar, rather they are poured into the <em>shittin<\/em> under the altar.<\/p>\n<p>The <em>shittin<\/em> were pipes and hollow spaces in and beneath the altar. They opened as two small holes on the south-west corner of the altar and the blood and wine libations would run from them to the water tunnel under the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/bc.htm#beithamikdash\">Temple<\/a> Mount and from there to the Kidron Valley. According to a tradition of the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/di.htm#gaon\">Geonim<\/a><\/em>, the <em>shittin<\/em> were a cubit in width and 600 cubits in depth. Based on this tradition, when the Gemara in <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#masechet\">Masechet<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.steinsaltz.org\/learning.php?pg=Daf_Yomi&amp;articleId=370\">Sukkah<\/a><\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.steinsaltz.org\/learning.php?pg=Daf_Yomi&amp;articleId=419\">49a<\/a>) describes how once every 70 years young <em>kohanim<\/em> would descend and remove the solidified remnants of wine, it is clear that they did not descend to the very bottom of the pipe, rather they went as far down as they could or used special implements to clean the passageway.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"><u>Menachot 75a-b: Learning about blessings from the sacrificial service<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>What blessing do you make on croutons?<\/p>\n<p>Rav Yosef rules that <em>chavitza<\/em> that has a full olive&#8217;s worth of bread crumbs deserves an ordinary <em>ha-motzi lechem min ha-aretz<\/em>. If, however, there is less than a <em>kezayit<\/em>, then the blessing would be <em>borei minei mezonot<\/em>. He explains that his source for this is a <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=247&amp;letter=B\">baraita<\/a><\/em> where we learn that if a person is standing in Jerusalem and bringing meal-offerings that are broken into pieces he makes the blessing of <em>shehechiyanu<\/em>. Once he eats them, he makes the blessing <em>ha-motzi lechem min ha-aretz<\/em>. This is due to the fact that the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#mishna\">Mishnah<\/a> teaches that when a meal-offering is broken up, the pieces have a <em>kezayit.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>There are different definitions offered for the term <em>chavitza:<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/rashi.htm\">Rashi<\/a> is quoted as saying that it is a cooked dish that included pieces of bread. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/bc.htm#baaleitosafot\">Tosafot<\/a> argue that a case where the bread was cooked may have a different status than a meal-offering, and the comparison made by Rav Yosef would be incorrect. An alternative suggestion is that the breadcrumbs were placed in the dish after cooking; according to the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=106&amp;letter=N\">Aruch<\/a><\/em> it is a dish that is made by first breaking up the bread and then pouring soup over it.<\/p>\n<p>The <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/r.htm#rishon\">rishonim<\/a><\/em> also differ about the case brought in the <em>baraita<\/em>. Why is the <em>shehechiyanu<\/em> blessing recited?<\/p>\n<p>According to Rashi we are talking about the person who is bringing a meal-offering for the first time in his life. Tosafot point out that it is difficult to suggest that this refers to the owner of the <em>mincha<\/em>, since the <em>baraita<\/em> talks about him eating it, and the meal-offering can only be eaten by a <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/jl.htm#kohen\">kohen<\/a><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>An alternative explanation brought by Rashi is that this refers to a <em>kohen<\/em> who is sacrificing a <em>mincha<\/em> for the first time in his life. The<em><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yehudah_Aryeh_Leib_Alter\"> Sefat Emet<\/a> <\/em>points out that the first sacrifice brought by every <em>kohen<\/em> is a special <em>minchat chinuch<\/em>, which is burned on the altar in its entirety and is not eaten.<\/p>\n<p>Tosafot explain that this may refer to a <em>kohen<\/em> who is bringing a meal-offering for the first time this year. Since there were 24 groups of <em>kohanim<\/em>, each of which consisted of six families, a given <em>kohen<\/em> served in the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/bc.htm#beithamikdash\">Temple<\/a> only two days a year. Therefore when he brought a <em>korban mincha<\/em> for the first time since his previous service, it is considered an occasional <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#mitzvah\">mitzvah<\/a><\/em> that deserves a <em>shehechiyanu<\/em> blessing.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"><u>Menachot 76a-b: Preparing fine flour for meal-offerings<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>All meal-offerings were brought from <em>solet<\/em> &#8211; fine flour. The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#mishna\">Mishnah<\/a> on today&#8217;s <em>daf<\/em> teaches that the flour was sifted very carefully before use &#8211;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>when the <em>Minchat HaOmer<\/em> &#8211; the meal offering brought on Passover, celebrating the new harvest (see <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/tw.htm#vayikra\">Vayikra<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0323.htm#10\">23:10-11<\/a>) &#8211; was prepared, 13 sifters were used in preparing the flour;<\/li>\n<li>when the<em> Shtei ha-lechem<\/em> &#8211; the two loaves brought on Shavuot, celebrating the new wheat harvest (see Vayikra <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0323.htm#17\">23:17<\/a>) &#8211; were prepared, 12 sifters were used<\/li>\n<li>when the <em>Lechem ha-panim<\/em> &#8211; the 12 loaves places on the table in the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/bc.htm#beithamikdash\">Temple<\/a> on a weekly basis (see Vayikra <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0324.htm#5\">24:5-8<\/a>) &#8211; were prepared, 11 sifters were used.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=774&amp;letter=S\">Rabbi Shimon<\/a> disagrees, arguing that there was no specific number, rather that each one simply had to be prepared from carefully sifted flour, basing his position on the passage in Vayikra (24:5) regarding the <em>lechem ha-panim<\/em> that simply says that <em>solet<\/em> must be taken for their preparation.<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/di.htm#gemara\">Gemara<\/a> quotes a <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=247&amp;letter=B\">baraita<\/a><\/em> that derives other laws from the passage quoted by Rabbi Shimon. Based on this <em>pasuk<\/em> the <em>baraita<\/em> suggests that the <em>solet<\/em> for the <em>lechem ha-panim <\/em>could be purchased as either prepared flour &#8211; as was the case for all other meal-offerings &#8211; or in their raw form as wheat. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=133&amp;letter=E\">Rabbi Elazar<\/a> explains that this stems from the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/torah.htm\">Torah<\/a>&#8216;s desire to be frugal with money belonging to the Jewish people. Since the volume of flour required to prepare the 12 loaves of <em>lechem ha-panim<\/em> on a weekly basis was quite large in comparison to the amount needed for the once-a-year <em>minchat HaOmer<\/em> or <em>shtei ha-lechem<\/em>, the Torah permitted its purchase in raw form, which made it cheaper.<\/p>\n<p>According to the Gemara, Rabbi Elazar&#8217;s source for the idea that God is concerned about the finances of the Jewish people comes from the story in <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/s.htm#sefer\">Sefer<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/bc.htm#bamidbar\">Bamidbar<\/a><\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0420.htm\">Chapter 20<\/a>) when there was no water to drink, and God supplied a miracle whose purpose was to allow the people &#8211; and their cattle &#8211; to drink. Clearly, according to the Torah, the possessions belonging to the Jewish people merited a miracle, as well.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"><u>Menachot 77a-b: Thanksgiving offerings<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The eighth <em>perek<\/em> of <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#masechet\">Masechet<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.steinsaltz.org\/learning.php?pg=Daf_Yomi&amp;articleId=2264\">Menachot<\/a><\/em> begins on today&#8217;s <em>daf<\/em>. Its focus is the <em>korban todah<\/em> &#8211; the thanksgiving offering &#8211; which is a type of <em>korban shelamim <\/em>(peace offerings) discussed in <em>Masechet <a href=\"http:\/\/www.steinsaltz.org\/learning.php?pg=Daf_Yomi&amp;articleId=2141\">Zevachim<\/a><\/em> with the other animal sacrifices. Nevertheless its unique character brings it into <em>Masechet Menachot<\/em>, as well, since every <em>korban todah<\/em> was accompanied by four meal-offerings, some made of <em>matzah<\/em> and some made of <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/bc.htm#chametz\">chametz<\/a><\/em> (see <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/s.htm#sefer\">Sefer<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/tw.htm#vayikra\">Vayikra<\/a><\/em> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0307.htm#11\">7:11-15<\/a>). This chapter is dedicated to explaining the laws pertaining to these <em>menachot<\/em>, how they are made, their size, and so forth.<\/p>\n<p>Among the unique <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/di.htm#halachah\">halakhot<\/a><\/em> connected with these meal-offerings was the requirement to offer <em>terumah<\/em> &#8211; a gift to the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/jl.htm#kohen\">kohen<\/a><\/em> &#8211; from them (see Vayikra <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0307.htm#14\">7:14<\/a>). The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/torah.htm\">Torah<\/a> offers no explanation for the <em>terumah<\/em> beyond its requirement; the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#mishna\">Mishnayot<\/a><\/em> in this <em>perek<\/em> deal with questions of whether it has the same laws as ordinary <em>terumah<\/em> (e.g. that a non-<em>kohen<\/em> who eats it is liable to receive a Heavenly death penalty and must repay its value plus a 20% penalty), or if it simply must be given to the <em>kohen<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>The Mishnah teaches that accompanying a <em>korban todah<\/em> there were ten loaves made of <em>chametz<\/em> (leaven) and 30 of <em>matzah<\/em>. The 30 <em>matzot<\/em> were divided into ten each of three types &#8211; <em>challot<\/em> (loaves), <em>rekikim<\/em> (wafers) and <em>revukhah<\/em> (boiled). The Mishnah continues and teaches that one of each type was taken and set aside as <em>terumah<\/em> for the <em>kohen<\/em> who sprinkled the blood of the associated thanksgiving sacrifice, while the rest were left for the owner of the sacrifice to eat.<\/p>\n<p>The Mishnah does not explain clearly who takes the <em>terumah<\/em> &#8211; does the <em>kohen<\/em> do it himself, or is it the responsibility of the owner of the sacrifice? One suggestion is that the Torah seems to indicate that it is the <em>kohen<\/em> who takes it, since we find that Moshe &#8211; who was acting as a <em>kohen<\/em> during the ceremony anointing Aharon as High Priest (see Vayikra <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0308.htm#26\">8:26<\/a>) &#8211; is the one who took the <em>terumah<\/em> from the meal-offering and handed it to his brother, Aharon.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"><u>Menachot 78a-b: Sanctifying 40 out of 80 loaves<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>As we have learned on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.steinsaltz.org\/learning.php?pg=Daf_Yomi&amp;articleId=2340\">yesterday&#8217;s <em>daf<\/em><\/a> whenever a <em>korban todah<\/em> &#8211; a thanksgiving offering &#8211; was brought in the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/bc.htm#beithamikdash\">Temple<\/a>, it was accompanied by 40 loaves that served as meal-offerings. These 40 loaves were divided up so that there were ten loaves made of <em>chametz<\/em> (leaven) and 30 of <em>matzah<\/em> &#8211; see <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/s.htm#sefer\">Sefer<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/tw.htm#vayikra\">Vayikra<\/a><\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0307.htm#11\">7:11-15<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/di.htm#gemara\">Gemara<\/a> on today&#8217;s <em>daf<\/em> presents a case where the individual bringing the <em>korban<\/em> <em>todah<\/em> brought 80 loaves to accompany the thanksgiving offering. Chizkiya rules that 40 of these loaves become sanctified; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=357&amp;letter=J\">Rabbi Yohanan<\/a> says that they do not become sanctified. In explaining this argument, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=80&amp;letter=Z\">Rabbi Zeira<\/a> explains that the disagreement is limited:<\/p>\n<p>If the individual bringing the <em>korban<\/em> says that he wants 40 of the loaves to become sanctified, the holiness takes effect. Similarly, if he is insistent that all 80 become sanctified, then none become holy. The difference of opinion between Chizkiya and Rabbi Yochanan is only in a case where the owner does not specify his intentions. Chizkiya argues that he most likely brought the extra ones in order to guarantee that if there was a problem, he would have extra. Rabbi Yochanan suggests that he must have wanted to bring &#8220;a big sacrifice&#8221; which he cannot do, so none of the loaves become sanctified.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/bc.htm#baaleitosafot\">Tosafot<\/a> point out that the case where all agree that the loaves become sanctified appears, at first glance, to be a question of <em>bereira<\/em> &#8211; that is to say, whether when there is a question about the status of a given object, can an act that takes place later clarify the status retroactively. This would be problematic since we know that Rabbi Yochanan does not accept <em>bereira<\/em>, yet he accepts the ruling that 40 out of 80 loaves become sanctified. They explain that cases of <em>bereira<\/em> are dependent on a later action that may or may not occur (e.g. someone who wishes to eat untithed produce now, based on the fact that he will tithe the fruit at a later time). In our case, although we are unaware of the status of the loaves at the time when the <em>korban todah<\/em> is brought, the 40 loaves can immediately become sanctified where they are.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><em>In addition to his monumental translation and commentary on the Talmud, Rabbi Steinsaltz has authored dozens of books and hundreds of articles on a variety of topics, both Jewish and secular. For more information about Rabbi Steinsaltz&#8217;s groundbreaking work in Jewish education, visit <a href=\"http:\/\/www.steinsaltz.org\/\">www.steinsaltz.org<\/a> or contact the Aleph Society at 212-840-1166.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Coming Week&#8217;s Daf Yomi by Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz This essay is based upon the insights and chidushim (original ideas) of Talmudic scholar Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz, as published in the Hebrew version of the Steinsaltz Edition of the Talmud. Menachot 72a-b: Discussing the rules of meal-offerings The seventh perek of Masechet Menachot begins on today&#8217;s<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":125,"featured_media":48002,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[83],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13705","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-torah","series-steinsaltz-daf-yomi"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Masechet Menachot 72a-78b - OU Life<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Coming Week&#039;s Daf Yomi (Menachot 72a-78b) by Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz, based upon insights &amp; chidushim published in the Steinsaltz Edition of the Talmud\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ou.org\/life\/torah\/masechet_menahot_72a78b\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Masechet Menachot 72a-78b - 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