{"id":13461,"date":"2011-02-17T03:09:58","date_gmt":"2011-02-17T03:09:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/production.ou.org\/life\/other\/masechet_zevahim_100a106b\/"},"modified":"2016-11-30T08:17:28","modified_gmt":"2016-11-30T13:17:28","slug":"masechet_zevahim_100a106b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ou.org\/life\/torah\/masechet_zevahim_100a106b\/","title":{"rendered":"Masechet Zevachim 100a-106b"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>The Coming Week&#8217;s Daf Yomi by Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>This essay is based upon the insights and chidushim (original ideas) of Talmudic scholar Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz, as published in the Hebrew version of the Steinsaltz Edition of the Talmud.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Zevachim 100a-b:<\/u><\/strong> <strong><u>Gathering bones during the Second Temple period<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In the context of discussing <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/jl.htm#kohen\">kohanim<\/a><\/em> who were not permitted to partake in the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/bc.htm#beithamikdash\">Temple<\/a> service for a variety of reasons enumerated in the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#mishna\">Mishnah<\/a> (<em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.steinsaltz.org\/learning.php?pg=Daf_Yomi&amp;articleId=2240\">daf 98b<\/a><\/em>), the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/di.htm#gemara\">Gemara<\/a> discusses the laws of an <em>onen<\/em> &#8211; a mourner on the day of death of a close relative &#8211; and mourning practices generally.<\/p>\n<p>The Mishnah on today&#8217;s <em>daf<\/em> quotes a <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=247&amp;letter=B&amp;search=baraita\">baraita<\/a><\/em> that teaches that the day a person is first informed of the death of a close relative will be considered like the day of burial with regard to the laws of <em>shiva<\/em> &#8211; the week of severe mourning following burial &#8211; and <em>shloshim<\/em> &#8211; the thirty days after burial when the severe mourning is over, but the mourner still refrains from cutting his hair and so forth. With regard to the laws of the <em>korban Pesach<\/em>, however, it is only considered to be like the day of <em>likkut atzamot<\/em> &#8211; the day that the bones of a dead ancestor are collected &#8211; which would allow him to eat the Passover sacrifice in the evening (see <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#masechet\">Masechet<\/a><\/em> <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.steinsaltz.org\/learning.php?pg=Daf_Yomi&amp;articleId=139\">Pesachim<\/a><\/em> <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.steinsaltz.org\/learning.php?pg=Daf_Yomi&amp;articleId=231\">daf 92<\/a><\/em>)<\/p>\n<p>A <em>melaket atzamot<\/em> is someone who collects the bones of his relatives for final burial. During the <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Second_Temple\">Second Temple<\/a> period &#8211; and for hundreds of years after that &#8211; there was a unique tradition with regard to burial. People were buried in the ground in plots that were designated as temporary resting places. After a number of years, when the flesh had decomposed and only the bones remained, they would be gathered and placed in an <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ossuary#Jewish\">ossuary<\/a>, a stone box, which would be interred in the family burial cave.<\/p>\n<p>Although the gathering of the bones took place well after the death of the deceased, the day on which it took place was considered a day of mourning. The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/di.htm#gemara\">Gemara<\/a> points out that we must be talking about a case where someone else did the actual gathering, since the person who did so would not be able to participate in the <em>korban Pesach<\/em> for a different reason &#8211; because he is <em>tamei<\/em> (ritually defiled).<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">Zevachim 101a-b:<\/strong> <strong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">Who was the Biblical character, Pinchas?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>According to the story that appears in <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/s.htm#sefer\">Sefer<\/a><\/em> <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/bc.htm#bamidbar\">Bamidbar<\/a><\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0425.htm\">Chapter 25<\/a>), at the moment when the Children of Israel engaged in sexual licentiousness combined with idol worship, it was the action of Pinchas the son of Elazar whose father was Aharon, the High Priest that saved the Jewish people from destruction. Pinchas stepped forward and killed Zimri ben Salu, one of the heads of the tribe of Shimon, together with the Midianite woman with whom he sinned. As a reward, Pinchas received a covenant of priesthood (Bamidbar <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0425.htm#11\">25:11-14<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>It appears that although Aharon and his sons were anointed as priests (see <em>Sefer<\/em> <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/tw.htm#vayikra\">Vayikra<\/a> <\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0308.htm\">Chapter 8<\/a>), Aharon&#8217;s son&#8217;s children who were alive at that time were not included in that ceremony. In the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/di.htm#gemara\">Gemara<\/a> on today&#8217;s <em>daf<\/em>\u00a0 we find that <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=133&amp;letter=E\">Rabbi Elazar<\/a> quotes <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=241&amp;letter=H\">Rabbi Chanina<\/a> as teaching that although he was from the priestly line, Pinchas did not become a <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/jl.htm#kohen\">kohen<\/a><\/em> until after the incident mentioned above. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=1945&amp;letter=A\">Rav Ashi<\/a> taught that it did not happen until many years later when the Children of Israel entered the land of Israel and Pinchas played a central role in bringing peace to the warring tribes (see <em>Sefer<\/em> <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/yz.htm#yehoshua\">Yehoshua<\/a><\/em> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0622.htm#30\">22:30-34<\/a>). It is only then that we find that the biblical text refers to him as Pinchas <em>HaKohen<\/em> \u2013 Pinchas the priest.<\/p>\n<p>The Gemara continues and asks how the passage in <em>Sefer Bamidbar<\/em> that promises Pinchas a covenant of priesthood should be understood according to this opinion, and explains that it might be understood simply as a blessing. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/rashi.htm\">Rashi<\/a> explains that this means that it was a blessing for the future. <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rabbeinu_Tam\">Rabbeinu Tam<\/a>, who was apparently uncomfortable with the idea that God would have blessed Pinchas with status that could not be implemented, explains that from the time of the story in <em>Sefer Bamidbar<\/em> Pinchas could have claimed the priesthood, and, in fact, began to keep the laws of priesthood. Nevertheless, the people who blamed him for the death of one of the leaders of the tribe of Shimon did not allow him to be anointed to serve in the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/bc.htm#beithamikdash\">Temple<\/a> until he succeeded in establishing peace among the tribes in <em>Sefer Yehoshua<\/em>.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">Zevachim 102a-b:<\/strong> <strong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">Was Moshe a<\/strong> <em style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"><strong>Kohen<\/strong><\/em><\/span><strong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>When Moshe is reluctant to accept the responsibilities of leadership, refusing God&#8217;s repeated requests that he return to Egypt as leader of the Children of Israel (see <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/s.htm#sefer\">Sefer<\/a><\/em> <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/s.htm#shemot\">Shemot<\/a><\/em> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0203.htm\">Chapters 3 and 4<\/a>), God ultimately becomes angry with Moshe and tells him that his brother Aharon the Levite will speak on his behalf (Shemot <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0204.htm#14\">4:14<\/a>). <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=774&amp;letter=S\">Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai<\/a> interprets this passage to mean that God had originally planned to make Moshe the priest and leave Aharon as a <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/jl.htm#levi\">levi<\/a><\/em>. Since Moshe refused to accept responsibility as a leader, God was going to switch their positions so that Aharon became the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/jl.htm#kohen\">kohen<\/a><\/em> and Moshe remained a <em>levi<\/em>. The <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/bc.htm#chacham\">Chachamim<\/a><\/em> teach that Moshe did serve as a priest for a limited amount of time \u2013 during the seven days of the consecration of the Tabernacle (see <em>Sefer<\/em> <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/tw.htm#vayikra\">Vayikra<\/a><\/em> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0308.htm\">Chapter 8<\/a>) \u2013 when Moshe performed the sacrificial service. Yet another opinion is quoted in the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=247&amp;letter=B&amp;search=baraita\">baraita<\/a><\/em>, that Moshe remained a <em>kohen<\/em> his entire life and it was only his children who did not merit to remain <em>kohanim<\/em>, as opposed to Aharon&#8217;s children, who retained their family status for all generations. In support of this last position, a passage from <em>Sefer<\/em> <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=494&amp;letter=C\">Divrei HaYamim<\/a><\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt25a23.htm#14\">I 23:14<\/a>) is quoted that says that Moshe&#8217;s children were associated as Levites; furthermore, the passage in <em>Sefer<\/em> <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/tw.htm#tehilim\">Tehillim<\/a><\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt2699.htm#6\">99:6<\/a>) refers to Moshe and Aharon together as <em>kohanim<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=127&amp;letter=A\">Rav<\/a> teaches that Moshe, in fact, served as the High Priest, as we see (Vayikra <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0308.htm#29\">8:29<\/a>) that he received the High Priest&#8217;s portion during the days of consecration. It appears that according to this opinion, Moshe retained the position of High Priest throughout his life. In his <em>Keren Orah<\/em>, Rabbi Yitzchak of Karlin explains that it is logical to assume that once Moshe attained this position that he did not relinquish it, although on a practical level, once Aharon was anointed as <em>kohen gadol<\/em>, Moshe allowed him to serve in that position, as he was occupied with matters of leadership and direct interaction with God.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">Zevachim 103a-b:<\/strong> <strong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">Collection boxes in the Temple<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/di.htm#gemara\">Gemara<\/a> on today&#8217;s <em>daf<\/em>\u00a0quotes a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#mishna\">Mishnah<\/a> from <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#masechet\">Masechet<\/a><\/em> <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.steinsaltz.org\/learning.php?pg=Daf_Yomi&amp;articleId=261\">Shekalim<\/a><\/em> (<em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.steinsaltz.org\/learning.php?pg=Daf_Yomi&amp;articleId=277\">daf 18<\/a><\/em>) that discusses the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/s.htm#shofar\">shofarot<\/a><\/em>, or collection boxes, that were placed in the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/bc.htm#beithamikdash\">Temple<\/a>. According to the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#mishna\">Mishnah<\/a> in <em>Shekalim<\/em>, there were 13 collection boxes that were called <em>shofarot<\/em>, because they were shaped like a <em>shofar<\/em> with one end small enough for a coin to be placed into it and a larger end where the coins could be removed. (They were made in this way so that no one who came to deposit money would be suspected of stealing.) Each <em>shofar<\/em> was marked with the purpose of its money, so that no mistakes would be made. For example, one said &#8220;new <em>shekalim<\/em>&#8221; for the monies that were deposited for the fiscal year beginning in <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/chagim\/roshchodesh\/nisan\/default.htm\">Nissan<\/a>, one was marked &#8220;old <em>shekalim<\/em>&#8221; for the leftover monies from last year&#8217;s collection, etc.<\/p>\n<p>Six of these <em>shofarot<\/em> were marked as collecting money for voluntary contributions to the Temple, that is to say, when a person dedicated money to the Temple for purchase of a sacrifice, if there was money left over it would be deposited in these collection boxes for the purpose of purchasing a <em>korban olah<\/em> &#8211; a burnt offering.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=632&amp;letter=J\">Rabbi Yehuda<\/a> teaches that in this case, the skins of these sacrifices were not given to the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/jl.htm#kohen\">kohanim<\/a><\/em>. The <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=1961&amp;letter=A\">Shitah Mekubetzet<\/a><\/em> explains his position as requiring the skins to be sold so that other sacrifices could be purchased with the proceeds.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rabbi_Nehemiah\">Rabbi Nechemiah<\/a> (some say <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=774&amp;letter=S\">Rabbi Shimon<\/a>) argued with Rabbi Yehuda, pointing out that this negates a teaching attributed to the High Priest Yehoyadah.<\/p>\n<p>This is a reference to one of the stories in the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/tanakh.htm\">Tanach<\/a><\/em> where we hear about the collection of <em>shekalim<\/em> (<em>II <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Books_of_Kings\">Melakhim<\/a><\/em> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt09b12.htm\">12<\/a>) in which King Yo&#8217;ash partnered with the High Priest Yehoyada in collecting money from the people and refurbishing the Temple. Yehoyada interpreted a difficult passage (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/tw.htm#vayikra\">Vayikra<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0305.htm#19\">5:19<\/a>) to mean that extra money that is left over after someone brought his <em>korban asham<\/em> should be used to purchase a <em>korban olah<\/em>, whose meat is burned, but whose skin is given to the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/jl.htm#kohen\">kohanim<\/a><\/em>. In this way that money is shared between the <em>kohanim<\/em> and the altar.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"><u>Zevachim 104a-b:<\/u><\/strong> <strong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"><u>Sacrifices that must be burned<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>There are some <em>korbanot<\/em> that must be burned entirely after their blood is sprinkled on the altar and their innards are sacrificed. Thus, many of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/yz.htm#yomkippur\">Yom Kippur<\/a> sacrifices, as well as some of the public guilt offerings (for example, those brought by the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/jl.htm#kohen\">kohen<\/a><\/em> <em>gadol<\/em>, and those brought by the Great <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/sanhedrin.htm\">Sanhedrin<\/a> that erred and caused the majority of the community to sin) were taken to the <em>beit ha-deshen<\/em> &#8211; the place of the ashes &#8211; to be burned (see <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/tw.htm#vayikra\">Vayikra<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0304.htm#12\">4:12<\/a>). If, however, a <em>korban<\/em> is burned because it must be destroyed, e.g. some error or blemish kept it from being brought as a sacrifice, the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#mishna\">Mishnah<\/a> on today&#8217;s <em>daf<\/em> teaches that it is not taken to the <em>beit ha-deshen<\/em>, rather it is burned in the <em>beit ha-birah<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>What were these places where the sacrifices were burned?<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=27&amp;letter=N\">Rav Nahman<\/a> quotes <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=10&amp;letter=R\">Rabbah bar Avuha<\/a> as teaching that there were three places in the environs of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/bc.htm#beithamikdash\">Temple<\/a> that served as repositories for ashes.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>There was a large <em>beit deshen<\/em> in the Temple courtyard where they burned the holiest sacrifices and the innards of lesser sacrifices that had become disqualified.<\/li>\n<li>There was a second <em>beit deshen<\/em> on the Temple Mount where they burned the animals that were supposed to be burned that had become disqualified after sprinkling the blood.<\/li>\n<li>The third <em>beit deshen<\/em> was for those <em>korbanot<\/em> that were done properly and had to be burned according to their basic requirements. This <em>beit deshen<\/em> was outside of the three camps (the inner camp of the Tabernacle, the middle camp of the tribe of Levi and the outer camp of Israelites) in the desert. When the Temple stood, this was outside the walls of the city of Jerusalem.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>As far as defining the term <em>beit ha-birah<\/em>, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=13&amp;letter=R\">Rabbah bar bar Chana<\/a> taught that it was a particular spot on the Temple Mount, while according to <a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=357&amp;letter=J\">Rabbi Yochanan<\/a> the entire Temple was called Birah (see <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/s.htm#sefer\">Sefer<\/a><\/em> <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=494&amp;letter=C\">Divrei HaYamim<\/a><\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt25a29.htm#19\">I 29:19<\/a>).<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"><u>Zevachim 105a-b:<\/u><\/strong> <strong style=\"line-height: 1.5;\"><u>When clothing becomes ritually defiled<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>As we learned in the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#mishna\">Mishnah<\/a> on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.steinsaltz.org\/learning.php?pg=Daf_Yomi&amp;articleId=2246\">yesterday&#8217;s <em>daf<\/em><\/a>\u00a0there are some <em>korbanot<\/em> that must be burned entirely after their blood is sprinkled on the altar and their innards are sacrificed. The Mishnah teaches that such sacrifices were placed on poles and were carried by <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/jl.htm#kohen\">kohanim<\/a><\/em> front-and-back to the <em>beit ha-deshen<\/em> \u2013 the ash-pit outside of the city of Jerusalem. According to the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/torah.htm\">Torah<\/a> (see <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/s.htm#sefer\">Sefer<\/a><\/em> <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/tw.htm#vayikra\">Vayikra<\/a><\/em> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0304.htm#25\">4:25<\/a>; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0316.htm#27\">16:27-28<\/a>), the clothing belonging to the <em>kohanim<\/em> who had this responsibility became <em>tamei<\/em> &#8211; ritually defiled &#8211; and had to be immersed in the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#mikvah\">mikvah<\/a><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>The Mishnah teaches that the clothing of the <em>kohanim<\/em> became <em>tamei<\/em> immediately when each one of the <em>kohanim<\/em> carrying the sacrifice left the walls of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/bc.htm#beithamikdash\">Temple<\/a> compound. Thus the <em>kohanim<\/em> who were in front carrying the sacrifice became <em>tamei<\/em> even though their colleagues in the rear were still <em>tahor<\/em> \u2013 ritually pure. Once all of the <em>kohanim<\/em> had left the Temple compound, they were all <em>tamei<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/di.htm#gemara\">Gemara<\/a> on today&#8217;s <em>daf<\/em> discusses the source for this <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/di.htm#halachah\">halacha<\/a><\/em> and quotes a <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jewishencyclopedia.com\/view.jsp?artid=247&amp;letter=B&amp;search=baraita\">baraita<\/a><\/em> that explains that regarding the sacrifices brought on <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/yz.htm#yomkippur\">Yom Kippur<\/a> the Torah sounds as if they must be removed and burned outside of a single encampment (see Vayikra 16:27), while regarding other such sacrifices the requirement is to burn them outside of three camps (the inner camp of the Tabernacle, the middle camp of the tribe of Levi and the outer camp of Israelites) in the desert. From this we understand that although the sacrifices must be burned on the <em>beit ha-deshen<\/em> outside of all three camps (and in the Temple, outside the walls of the city of Jerusalem), nevertheless, the ritual defilement of the clothing of the <em>kohanim<\/em> associated with this service takes effect immediately upon leaving the encampment of the Tabernacle (or the Temple courtyard).<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Zevachim 106a-b:<\/strong> <strong>Sacrificing to Mercury<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Regarding idol worship, there are certain activities that are considered to be objectively an act of worship and will be forbidden, while other activities may be specific and limited to a certain type of idol. Generally speaking, a person will be held liable for <em>avodah zara<\/em> &#8211; the prohibition against idol worship &#8211; when he performs any one of a number of acts of worship. These activities include commonly used methods of veneration including sacrificing or burning incense, offering a libation or bowing down, and even simply saying &#8220;you are my god.&#8221; Other types of obsequiousness, such as hugging and kissing the idol, washing or cleaning it and so on would be forbidden, but would not serve as true idol worship.<\/p>\n<p>There are other modes of worship that ordinarily would not constitute an act of <em>avodah zara<\/em>, except with a specific idol or deity for which that act is a unique form of worship. Thus <em>ha-po&#8217;er atzmo le-ba&#8217;al pe&#8217;or<\/em> &#8211; someone who relieves himself in front of the idol Pe&#8217;or &#8211; or <em>ha-zorek even le-markolis<\/em>&#8211; someone who throws a stone to the idol Markolis &#8211; will also be held liable for performing an act of <em>avodah zara<\/em>, since this is the unique method of worshiping these idols. The <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/di.htm#gemara\">Gemara<\/a> on today&#8217;s <em>daf <\/em>brings the opinion of Rabbi Elazar who derives from a passage in <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/s.htm#sefer\">Sefer<\/a><\/em> <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/tw.htm#vayikra\">Vayikra<\/a><\/em> (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.mechon-mamre.org\/p\/pt\/pt0317.htm#7\">17:7<\/a>) that sacrificing to Markolis is also considered to be <em>avodah zara<\/em>, even though that is not the normal method of worshiping that idol.<\/p>\n<p>Markolis is the name given by the Sages for the Roman god <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mercury_%28mythology%29\">Mercurius<\/a>, who was also known as the Greek deity, <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hermes\">Hermes<\/a>. Among his many responsibilities, Mercurius was the patron of the highways and travelers. This position led many to erect <a href=\"http:\/\/www.steinsaltz.org\/content.php?pg=Statue%20of%20Mercurius&amp;ID=355\">statues<\/a> of him on crossroads. Oftentimes, these representations presented just the head of the idol and passersby would place stones at the foot of the statue. On occasion the representation was simply a pile of rocks, and travelers who passed by the pile would toss their own stone on it as an offering to the god.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><em>In addition to his monumental translation and commentary on the Talmud, Rabbi Steinsaltz has authored dozens of books and hundreds of articles on a variety of topics, both Jewish and secular. For more information about Rabbi Steinsaltz&#8217;s groundbreaking work in Jewish education, visit<\/em> <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.steinsaltz.org\/\">www.steinsaltz.org<\/a><\/em> <em>or contact the Aleph Society at 212-840-1166.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Coming Week&#8217;s Daf Yomi by Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz This essay is based upon the insights and chidushim (original ideas) of Talmudic scholar Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz, as published in the Hebrew version of the Steinsaltz Edition of the Talmud. Zevachim 100a-b: Gathering bones during the Second Temple period In the context of discussing kohanim who<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":125,"featured_media":47865,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[83],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13461","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-torah","series-steinsaltz-daf-yomi"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Masechet Zevachim 100a-106b - OU Life<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Coming Week&#039;s Daf Yomi (Zevachim 100a-106b) by Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz, based upon insights &amp; chidushim published in the Steinsaltz Edition of the Talmud\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ou.org\/life\/torah\/masechet_zevahim_100a106b\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Masechet Zevachim 100a-106b - OU Life\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Coming Week&#039;s Daf Yomi (Zevachim 100a-106b) by Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz, based upon insights &amp; chidushim published in the Steinsaltz Edition of the Talmud\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ou.org\/life\/torah\/masechet_zevahim_100a106b\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"OU Life\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2011-02-17T03:09:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2016-11-30T13:17:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ou.org\/life\/files\/Bigdei-Kehuna.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"330\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"12 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ou.org\/life\/torah\/masechet_zevahim_100a106b\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.ou.org\/life\/torah\/masechet_zevahim_100a106b\/\",\"name\":\"Masechet Zevachim 100a-106b - 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