{"id":10604,"date":"2007-03-08T22:18:00","date_gmt":"2007-03-08T22:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/production.ou.org\/life\/other\/masechet_moedkatanintro\/"},"modified":"2015-10-25T11:03:49","modified_gmt":"2015-10-25T16:03:49","slug":"masechet_moedkatanintro","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ou.org\/life\/torah\/masechet_moedkatanintro\/","title":{"rendered":"Introduction to Masechet Mo&#8217;ed Katan"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>The Coming Week&#8217;s Daf Yomi by Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>This essay is based upon the insights and chidushim (original ideas) of Talmudic scholar Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz, as published in the Hebrew version of the Steinsaltz Edition of the Talmud.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>This month\u2019s Steinsaltz Daf Yomi is sponsored by Dr. and Mrs. Alan Harris, the Lewy Family Foundation, and Marilyn and Edward Kaplan<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Introduction to <em>Masechet Mo&#8217;ed Katan<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#masechet\">Masechet<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moed_Katan\">Mo&#8217;ed Katan<\/a><\/em> focuses mainly on the rules and regulations that apply to the days of <em><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chol_Hamoed\">Chol ha-Mo&#8217;ed<\/a><\/em> \u2013 the intermediate days of the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/np.htm#pesach\">Pesach<\/a><\/em> and <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/s.htm#sukkot\">Sukkot<\/a><\/em> holidays. Connected with this discussion, other topics are dealt with as well, specifically the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/di.htm#halachah\">halakhot<\/a><\/em> of <em>avelut<\/em> (mourning) and <em>niduy<\/em> (bans and excommunication).<\/p>\n<p>At first glance, the connection between holidays and days of mourning seems to be odd, but, in fact, there are two clear connections between these events. First of all, there is a connection with regard to the <em>halakhot<\/em> that rule these days, and in particular the fact that similar activities are restricted on both of them. A more fundamental connection is the source for these <em>halakhot.<\/em> <em>Chol ha-Mo&#8217;ed, aveilut<\/em> and <em>niduy<\/em> are all mentioned briefly in the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/torah.htm\">Torah<\/a>, but the Torah does not offer details explaining the requirements of these days. Thus, the <em>halakhot<\/em> that govern them are <em>mi-divrei soferim<\/em> \u2013 they are developed by Rabbinic interpretation, part of the oral tradition \u2013 even though they have a Biblical source and were practiced in the Jewish community since the time of <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#moshe\">Moshe Rabbenu<\/a>. Thus, these <em>halakhot<\/em> are not seen as objective, definitive rules like those of the Torah, rather they are pragmatic and flexible, like many Rabbinic laws.<\/p>\n<p>We therefore find significant differences between the restrictions on creative activities on the different holiday periods:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>On <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/s.htm#shabbat\">Shabbat<\/a><\/em> and <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/yz.htm#yomkippur\">Yom Kippur<\/a><\/em>, all creative activities are forbidden \u2013 <em>kol melakhah lo ta&#8217;asu.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>On <em><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Yom_tov\">Yom Tov<\/a><\/em>, creative labor is forbidden \u2013 <em>kol melekhet avodah lo ta&#8217;asu<\/em> \u2013 but work done whose purpose is food preparation is permitted.<\/li>\n<li>On\u00a0<em>Chol\u00a0HaMoed<\/em> (and similarly, during the days of <em>aveilut<\/em>) there is no restriction on work in terms of the 39 categories of forbidden activities, rather what is forbidden is toil, which is defined by the strain and difficulty involved, as well as by the level of professional expertise necessary to perform the task. Moreover, even these rules are not absolute. They are subjective in the sense that if an activity is necessary for the holiday itself, or if significant loss would be incurred if the activity is not performed, then that activity would be permitted. As opposed to a regular weekday when all manner of work is permitted, on <em>Hol ha-Mo&#8217;ed<\/em> a person can only perform activities that in some way enhance or are connected to the holiday. This rule points to the fact that the restrictions on work are not meant to be objective, rather their purpose is to lend an element of uniqueness to the day \u2013 to set it apart as a day of celebration (or sadness, in the case of <em>aveilut<\/em>) \u2013 to separate it from the ordinary and mundane.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Who establishes what falls into the category of permissible activities on these days? Not the Torah, but the Sages of the Talmud. They are the ones who decide how to best keep the individual focused on the holiday \u2013 or on his mourning \u2013 even as they permit him to perform activities that are essential.<\/p>\n<p>Today we know the name of this <em>masechet<\/em> as <em>Mo&#8217;ed Katan<\/em>, but in earlier times it was known simply as<em> Mo&#8217;ed<\/em>. The change took place in order to distinguish this tractate from <em>Seder Mo&#8217;ed<\/em> \u2013 the order of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/m.htm#mishna\">Mishnah<\/a> that deals with holiday-related issues, of which <em>Mo&#8217;ed Katan<\/em> is but a small part. Most of the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ou.org\/about\/judaism\/r.htm#rishon\">rishonim<\/a><\/em> called the tractate <em>Mashkin<\/em>, which is the first word of the <em>masechet<\/em>.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><em>In addition to his monumental translation and commentary on the Talmud, Rabbi Steinsaltz has authored dozens of books and hundreds of articles on a variety of topics, both Jewish and secular. For more information about Rabbi Steinsaltz&#8217;s groundbreaking work in Jewish education, visit <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ou.org\/life\/wp-admin\/www.steinsaltz.org\">www.steinsaltz.org<\/a> or contact the Aleph Society at 212-840-1166.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Coming Week&#8217;s Daf Yomi by Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz This essay is based upon the insights and chidushim (original ideas) of Talmudic scholar Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz, as published in the Hebrew version of the Steinsaltz Edition of the Talmud. This month\u2019s Steinsaltz Daf Yomi is sponsored by Dr. and Mrs. Alan Harris, the Lewy Family<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":125,"featured_media":41009,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[83],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10604","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-torah","series-steinsaltz-daf-yomi"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Introduction to Masechet Mo&#039;ed Katan<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"An Introduction to Masechet Moed Katan by Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz, based upon insights &amp; chidushim published in the Steinsaltz edition of the Talmud\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link 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