{"id":53297,"date":"2022-09-20T13:32:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-20T13:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ou.org\/holidays\/?p=53297"},"modified":"2022-09-20T13:32:00","modified_gmt":"2022-09-20T13:32:00","slug":"erev-rosh-chodesh-machar-chodesh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ou.org\/holidays\/erev-rosh-chodesh-machar-chodesh\/","title":{"rendered":"Erev Rosh Chodesh: Machar Chodesh"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/res.cloudinary.com\/ouinternal\/image\/upload\/v1651252816\/outorah%20pdf\/Haftarah_Helper-_Erev_Rosh_Chodesh.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Download PDF<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p>In memory of Ira Beer, Yitzchak Dov ben Tzvi Mendel, on the occasion of his second Yahrtzeit.<\/p>\n<p>After Israel\u2019s first king, Saul, failed to obliterate the nation of Amalek as God commanded, the prophet Samuel told him that God rejected him and would replace him with a better king.\u00a0Samuel then privately anointed a humble commoner, David, as king. As a leading warrior, David\u2019s victories and fame threaten Saul\u2019s rule. At the same time, David\u2019s musical skill soothes Saul, whose moods and behavior become increasingly irascible and erratic. David eventually marries one of Saul\u2019s daughters, joining Saul\u2019s family, too. Saul instructs his son, Jonathan, and the rest of his royal court to kill David. Sacrificing his claim to the throne, Jonathan refuses this, instead swearing eternal loyalty to David. Saul repeatedly tries to kill David. Yet at other times, Jonathan persuades his father to relent, allowing David to soothe and fight for Saul.<\/p>\n<p>A public royal Rosh Chodesh feast approaches, which David, as a court official, must attend. Uncertain whether Saul will kill him there, David tells Jonathan that he will hide in a nearby field. He asks Jonathan to tell his father that he granted David permission to attend a feast of his own family instead of the royal feast. They agree that Jonathan will assess his father\u2019s reaction to David\u2019s absence and excuse, and inform David whether he can safely return to the palace.<\/p>\n<p>Since David and Jonathan make these plans on the day before Rosh Chodesh, the story of how they unfold, detailed below, is read as the Haftarah on every Shabbat when the following day is Rosh Chodesh. The Haftarah\u2019s name, \u201cmachar chodesh\u201d (Hebrew for \u201ctomorrow is Rosh Chodesh\u201d), is taken from its opening verse. It replaces the Haftarah associated with the weekly Torah reading.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Haftarah Breakdown<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Verses 20:18-23:\u00a0Jonathan tells David how he will shoot arrows to send a secret signal to David as he hides in the field so that he can flee if Saul is angry, or return if he is calm.<\/p>\n<p><strong>I Samuel 20:21-22<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>I [Jonathan] will order [my] young servant, \u201cGo and find the arrows.\u201d If I call to the servant, \u2018The arrows are on this side of you,\u201d [then] take him and come, for it is peaceful for you and there is nothing [to fear]\u2014as the Lord lives! But if I say this to the lad- \u2018The arrows are beyond you\u201d- [then] leave, for the Lord has sent you away.<\/p>\n<p>\u05d5\u05b0\u05d4\u05b4\u05e0\u05bc\u05b5\u05d4\u0599 \u05d0\u05b6\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05dc\u05b7\u05a3\u05d7 \u05d0\u05b6\u05ea\u05be\u05d4\u05b7\u05e0\u05bc\u05b7\u0594\u05e2\u05b7\u05e8 \u05dc\u05b5\u0596\u05da\u05b0 \u05de\u05b0\u05e6\u05b8\u05a3\u05d0 \u05d0\u05b6\u05ea\u05be\u05d4\u05b7\u05d7\u05b4\u05e6\u05bc\u05b4\u0591\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05b4\u05dd\u05be\u05d0\u05b8\u05de\u05b9\u05e8\u05a9 \u05d0\u05b9\u05de\u05b7\u05a8\u05e8 \u05dc\u05b7\u05e0\u05bc\u05b7\u059c\u05e2\u05b7\u05e8 \u05d4\u05b4\u05e0\u05bc\u05b5\u05a5\u05d4 \u05d4\u05b7\u05d7\u05b4\u05e6\u05bc\u05b4\u05a3\u05d9\u05dd \u05c0 \u05de\u05b4\u05de\u05bc\u05b0\u05da\u05b8\u05a3 \u05d5\u05b8\u05d4\u05b5\u0597\u05e0\u05bc\u05b8\u05d4 \u05e7\u05b8\u05d7\u05b6\u05a7\u05e0\u05bc\u05d5\u05bc \u05c0 \u05d5\u05b8\u05d1\u05b9\u059b\u05d0\u05b8\u05d4 \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05bd\u05d9\u05be\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05dc\u05a5\u05d5\u05b9\u05dd \u05dc\u05b0\u05da\u05b8\u059b \u05d5\u05b0\u05d0\u05b5\u05a5\u05d9\u05df \u05d3\u05bc\u05b8\u05d1\u05b8\u0596\u05e8 \u05d7\u05b7\u05d9\u05be\u05d4&#8217;\u05c3 \u05d5\u05b0\u05d0\u05b4\u05dd\u05be\u05db\u05bc\u05b9\u05a4\u05d4 \u05d0\u05b9\u05de\u05b7\u05e8\u0599 \u05dc\u05b8\u05e2\u05b6\u0594\u05dc\u05b6\u05dd \u05d4\u05b4\u05e0\u05bc\u05b5\u05a5\u05d4 \u05d4\u05b7\u05d7\u05b4\u05e6\u05bc\u05b4\u0596\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05b4\u05de\u05bc\u05b0\u05da\u05b8\u05a3 \u05d5\u05b8\u05d4\u05b8\u0591\u05dc\u05b0\u05d0\u05b8\u05d4 \u05dc\u05b5\u0595\u05da\u05b0 \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05a5\u05d9 \u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05bd\u05dc\u05bc\u05b7\u05d7\u05b2\u05da\u05b8\u0596 \u05d4&#8217;<\/p>\n<p>Verses 20:24-26: Saul notes David\u2019s absence at the royal Rosh Chodesh feast but assumes something ordinary prevented his attendance.<\/p>\n<p><strong>I Samuel 20:24<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>David hid in the field. When the new moon came, the king sat down to eat the [celebratory] bread [meal].<\/p>\n<p>\u05d5\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05b4\u05e1\u05bc\u05b8\u05ea\u05b5\u05a5\u05e8 \u05d3\u05bc\u05b8\u05d5\u05b4\u0596\u05d3 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b7\u05e9\u05c2\u05bc\u05b8\u05d3\u05b6\u0591\u05d4 \u05d5\u05b7\u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05b4\u05a3\u05d9 \u05d4\u05b7\u05d7\u05b9\u0594\u05d3\u05b6\u05e9\u05c1 \u05d5\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05b5\u05a7\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05d1 \u05d4\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05b6\u059b\u05dc\u05b6\u05da\u05b0 (\u05e2\u05dc)[\u05d0\u05b6\u05dc\u05be]\u05d4\u05b7\u05dc\u05bc\u05b6\u0596\u05d7\u05b6\u05dd \u05dc\u05b6\u05d0\u05b1\u05db\u05bd\u05d5\u05b9\u05dc\u05c3<\/p>\n<p>Verses 20:27-29: When David does not appear the next day, Saul asks Jonthan to explain. Jonathan states that he granted David permission to heed his brother\u2019s command to join his family\u2019s celebration in Bethlehem.<\/p>\n<p><strong>I Samuel 20:28<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Jonathan answered Saul, \u201cDavid firmly asked leave of me [to go to Bethlehem.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u05d5\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05b7\u05a5\u05e2\u05b7\u05df \u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05d5\u05b9\u05e0\u05b8\u05ea\u05b8\u0596\u05df \u05d0\u05b6\u05ea\u05be\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05d0\u0591\u05d5\u05bc\u05dc \u05e0\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05d0\u05b9\u05a8\u05dc \u05e0\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05d0\u05b7\u05a5\u05dc \u05d3\u05bc\u05b8\u05d5\u05b4\u059b\u05d3 \u05de\u05b5\u05e2\u05b4\u05de\u05bc\u05b8\u05d3\u05b4\u0596\u05d9 \u05e2\u05b7\u05d3\u05be\u05d1\u05bc\u05b5\u05a5\u05d9\u05ea \u05dc\u05b8\u05bd\u05d7\u05b6\u05dd\u05c3<\/p>\n<p>Verses 20:30-34: Saul berates Jonathan for favoring David instead of inheriting the throne. After Jonathan refuses Saul\u2019s command to bring David so Saul can kill him, Saul tries to kill Jonathan. Jonathan leaves angrily.<\/p>\n<p><strong>I Samuel 20:33<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Saul threw his spear at [Jonathan] to kill him. Jonathan realized that his father was determined to kill David.<\/p>\n<p>\u05d5\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05b8\u05a8\u05d8\u05b6\u05dc \u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05d0\u05a7\u05d5\u05bc\u05dc \u05d0\u05b6\u05bd\u05ea\u05be\u05d4\u05b7\u05d7\u05b2\u05e0\u05b4\u059b\u05d9\u05ea \u05e2\u05b8\u05dc\u05b8\u0596\u05d9\u05d5 \u05dc\u05b0\u05d4\u05b7\u05db\u05bc\u05b9\u05ea\u0591\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d5\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05b5\u0599\u05d3\u05b7\u05e2\u0599 \u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05a3\u05d5\u05b9\u05e0\u05b8\u05ea\u05b8\u0594\u05df \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05bd\u05d9\u05be\u05db\u05b8\u05a5\u05dc\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d4\u05b4\u059b\u05d9\u05d0 \u05de\u05b5\u05e2\u05b4\u05a5\u05dd \u05d0\u05b8\u05d1\u05b4\u0596\u05d9\u05d5 \u05dc\u05b0\u05d4\u05b8\u05de\u05b4\u05a5\u05d9\u05ea \u05d0\u05b6\u05ea\u05be\u05d3\u05bc\u05b8\u05d5\u05b4\u05bd\u05d3\u05c3 (\u05e1)<\/p>\n<p>Verses 20:35-40: As previously arranged, Jonathan uses a servant and arrows the next morning to secretly signal to David that he must flee from Saul. Jonathan dispatches the servant back to town with his equipment.<\/p>\n<p><strong>I Samuel 20:37<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>When the lad came to the place of the arrow that Jonathan had shot, Jonathan called after the lad, \u201cThe arrows are beyond you.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u05d5\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05b8\u05d1\u05b9\u05a4\u05d0 \u05d4\u05b7\u05e0\u05bc\u05b7\u0599\u05e2\u05b7\u05e8\u0599 \u05e2\u05b7\u05d3\u05be\u05de\u05b0\u05e7\u05a3\u05d5\u05b9\u05dd \u05d4\u05b7\u05d7\u05b5\u0594\u05e6\u05b4\u05d9 \u05d0\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05a5\u05e8 \u05d9\u05b8\u05e8\u05b8\u0596\u05d4 \u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05d5\u05b9\u05e0\u05b8\u05ea\u05b8\u0591\u05df \u05d5\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05b4\u05e7\u05b0\u05e8\u05b8\u05a8\u05d0 \u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05d5\u05b9\u05e0\u05b8\u05ea\u05b8\u059c\u05df \u05d0\u05b7\u05d7\u05b2\u05e8\u05b5\u05a4\u05d9 \u05d4\u05b7\u05e0\u05bc\u05b7\u0599\u05e2\u05b7\u05e8\u0599 \u05d5\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05b9\u0594\u05d0\u05de\u05b6\u05e8 \u05d4\u05b2\u05dc\u05a5\u05d5\u05b9\u05d0 \u05d4\u05b7\u05d7\u05b5\u0596\u05e6\u05b4\u05d9 \u05de\u05b4\u05de\u05bc\u05b0\u05da\u05b8\u05a5 \u05d5\u05b8\u05d4\u05b8\u05bd\u05dc\u05b0\u05d0\u05b8\u05d4\u05c3<\/p>\n<p>Verses 20:41-42: Grateful to Jonathan, David comes out of hiding. David is overcome with emotion as they embrace and weep. Jonathan dispatches David to safety, reaffirming their mutual oath and the eternal alliance between themselves and their descendants.<\/p>\n<p><strong>I Samuel 20:42<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Jonathan said to David, \u201cGo in peace! For we two have sworn to each other in the name of the Lord: \u2018May the Lord be [witness] between you and me, and between your offspring and mine, forever!\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u05d5\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05b9\u05a7\u05d0\u05de\u05b6\u05e8 \u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05d5\u05b9\u05e0\u05b8\u05ea\u05b8\u059b\u05df \u05dc\u05b0\u05d3\u05b8\u05d5\u05b4\u0596\u05d3 \u05dc\u05b5\u05a3\u05da\u05b0 \u05dc\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05dc\u0591\u05d5\u05b9\u05dd \u05d0\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05e8\u05a9 \u05e0\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05d1\u05bc\u05b7\u05a8\u05e2\u05b0\u05e0\u05d5\u05bc \u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05e0\u05b5\u059c\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05bc \u05d0\u05b2\u05e0\u05b7\u0597\u05d7\u05b0\u05e0\u05d5\u05bc \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05b5\u05a4\u05dd \u05d4&#8217; \u05dc\u05b5\u05d0\u05de\u05b9\u0594\u05e8 \u05d4&#8217; \u05d9\u05b4\u05bd\u05d4\u05b0\u05d9\u05b6\u05a3\u05d4 \u05c0 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b5\u05d9\u05e0\u05b4\u05a3\u05d9 \u05d5\u05bc\u05d1\u05b5\u05d9\u05e0\u05b6\u0597\u05da\u05b8 \u05d5\u05bc\u05d1\u05b5\u05a5\u05d9\u05df \u05d6\u05b7\u05e8\u05b0\u05e2\u05b4\u059b\u05d9 \u05d5\u05bc\u05d1\u05b5\u05a5\u05d9\u05df \u05d6\u05b7\u05e8\u05b0\u05e2\u05b2\u05da\u05b8\u0596 \u05e2\u05b7\u05d3\u05be\u05e2\u05d5\u05b9\u05dc\u05b8\u05bd\u05dd\u05c3 (\u05e4)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Connection<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Mishnah uses the unconditional loyalty of David and Jonathan for one another to exemplify selfless love.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Pirkei Avot 5:16<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Every love that depends on something, when the thing ceases, the love ceases. [A love] not dependent on anything will never cease. What is [an example of] love dependent on something? The love of Amnon and Tamar. [What is an example of love] not dependent on something? The love of David and Jonathan.<\/p>\n<p>\u05db\u05bc\u05b8\u05dc \u05d0\u05b7\u05d4\u05b2\u05d1\u05b8\u05d4 \u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05d4\u05b4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05ea\u05b0\u05dc\u05d5\u05bc\u05d9\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d1\u05b0\u05d3\u05b8\u05d1\u05b8\u05e8, \u05d1\u05bc\u05b8\u05d8\u05b5\u05dc \u05d3\u05bc\u05b8\u05d1\u05b8\u05e8, \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05d8\u05b5\u05dc\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d0\u05b7\u05d4\u05b2\u05d1\u05b8\u05d4. \u05d5\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05d0\u05b5\u05d9\u05e0\u05b8\u05d4\u05bc \u05ea\u05bc\u05b0\u05dc\u05d5\u05bc\u05d9\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d1\u05b0\u05d3\u05b8\u05d1\u05b8\u05e8, \u05d0\u05b5\u05d9\u05e0\u05b8\u05d4\u05bc \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05d8\u05b5\u05dc\u05b8\u05d4 \u05dc\u05b0\u05e2\u05d5\u05b9\u05dc\u05b8\u05dd. \u05d0\u05b5\u05d9\u05d6\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d4\u05b4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05d0\u05b7\u05d4\u05b2\u05d1\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d4\u05b7\u05ea\u05bc\u05b0\u05dc\u05d5\u05bc\u05d9\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d1\u05b0\u05d3\u05b8\u05d1\u05b8\u05e8, \u05d6\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d0\u05b7\u05d4\u05b2\u05d1\u05b7\u05ea \u05d0\u05b7\u05de\u05b0\u05e0\u05d5\u05b9\u05df \u05d5\u05b0\u05ea\u05b8\u05de\u05b8\u05e8. \u05d5\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05d0\u05b5\u05d9\u05e0\u05b8\u05d4\u05bc \u05ea\u05bc\u05b0\u05dc\u05d5\u05bc\u05d9\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d1\u05b0\u05d3\u05b8\u05d1\u05b8\u05e8, \u05d6\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d0\u05b7\u05d4\u05b2\u05d1\u05b7\u05ea \u05d3\u05bc\u05b8\u05d5\u05b4\u05d3 \u05d5\u05b4\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05b9\u05e0\u05b8\u05ea\u05b8\u05df:<\/p>\n<p>With emendations, all translations are from Sefaria.org. To dedicate, comment, or subscribe, email haftarahhelper@gmail.com.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Download PDF In memory of Ira Beer, Yitzchak Dov ben Tzvi Mendel, on the occasion of his second Yahrtzeit. After Israel\u2019s first king, Saul, failed to obliterate the nation of Amalek as God commanded, the prophet Samuel told him that God rejected him and would replace him with a better king.\u00a0Samuel then privately anointed a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":133836,"featured_media":53298,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[362],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53297","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-months"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Erev Rosh Chodesh: Machar Chodesh - Jewish Holidays<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ou.org\/holidays\/erev-rosh-chodesh-machar-chodesh\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Erev Rosh Chodesh: Machar Chodesh - Jewish Holidays\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Download PDF In memory of Ira Beer, Yitzchak Dov ben Tzvi Mendel, on the occasion of his second Yahrtzeit. 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