{"id":53030,"date":"2022-07-20T20:51:07","date_gmt":"2022-07-20T20:51:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ou.org\/holidays\/?p=53030"},"modified":"2022-07-20T20:51:07","modified_gmt":"2022-07-20T20:51:07","slug":"three-of-affliction-1-pinchas-or-mattot-jeremiah-11-23","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ou.org\/holidays\/three-of-affliction-1-pinchas-or-mattot-jeremiah-11-23\/","title":{"rendered":"Three of Affliction #1 (Pinchas or Mattot): Jeremiah 1:1-2:3"},"content":{"rendered":"

Download PDF<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

From <\/span>this Shabbat until Shabbat Shuva, the weekly Haftarot relate to the Jewish calendar instead of the weekly Parashah. The first three of these Haftarot are the <\/span>Three of Affliction (Aramaic: \u05ea\u05dc\u05ea \u05d3\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05e2\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d0),<\/b> describing the destruction of Judah, Jerusalem, and the First Temple in 587 BCE. They are recited on consecutive Shabbatot of the \u201cThree Weeks\u201d, between the fasts of the 17th of Tammuz and Tisha B\u2019Av. In most years, when Parashiot Mattot and Masei are read on a single Shabbat, the first such Haftarah is recited with Parashat Pinchas; in years when those parashiot are read on two Shabbatot, it is recited with Parashat Mattot<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Amid social and political upheaval in Judah and beyond, God summons the young Jeremiah to be a prophet in 626 BCE. The Assyrian Empire weakens to the north, with uncertain consequences for Judah. Generations of idolatry have thoroughly corrupted Judean society, Jerusalem, the Temple, and its divine service. Jeremiah\u2019s prophetic predecessors have had only temporary successes in returning the Northern Kingdom (exiled a century earlier), Judah, and their leaders to God. Josiah, the reigning king of Judah is beginning to steer a more righteous course.<\/span><\/p>\n

In the Haftarah, Jeremiah\u2019s inaugural prophecy, God forces him to accept His nearly impossible assignment. God designated him as a prophet to Judah and the nations even before his mother conceived him. His primary task is to convince Judah to return to God lest He send northern nations to destroy them. The mission will be difficult; Jeremiah fears those who will attack him, just as they attacked earlier prophets. God, therefore, promises to strengthen and protect him- but if Jeremiah loses courage, God will allow them to destroy him. Jeremiah replies that his inability to speak should delay his mission. God responds by placing His word in his mouth so he can speak, and by showing that Jeremiah already has great prophetic ability. Moreover, delay is not possible as God is hurrying to bring northern nations to punish and destroy Judah for its sins. The Haftarah concludes on several positive notes. Jeremiah must remind Judah of their loyalty to Him after the Exodus, of Israel\u2019s holiness as the first \u201charvest\u201d among God\u2019s \u201ccrop\u201d of nations, and of His promise to destroy those who violate their sanctity by devouring them.<\/span><\/p>\n

Haftarah Breakdown<\/b><\/p>\n

Verses 1:1-3: From a priestly family living near Jerusalem, Jeremiah begins to prophesy in 626 BCE, the 13th year of Josiah\u2019s reign. He prophesied until Jerusalem\u2019s destruction in Av, 586 BCE.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Jeremiah 1:1<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d9\u05e8\u05de\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5 \u05d0:\u05d0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
The words of Jeremiah, son of Hilkiah, [one] of the priests [living in] Anathoth, in the land of Benjamin.<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d3\u05bc\u05b4\u05d1\u05b0\u05e8\u05b5\u05a5\u05d9 \u05d9\u05b4\u05e8\u05b0\u05de\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u0596\u05d4\u05d5\u05bc \u05d1\u05bc\u05b6\u05df\u05be\u05d7\u05b4\u05dc\u05b0\u05e7\u05b4\u05d9\u05bc\u05b8\u0591\u05d4\u05d5\u05bc \u05de\u05b4\u05df\u05be\u05d4\u05b7\u05db\u05bc\u05b9\u05bd\u05d4\u05b2\u05e0\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd\u0599 \u05d0\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05a3\u05e8 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b7\u05e2\u05b2\u05e0\u05b8\u05ea\u0594\u05d5\u05b9\u05ea \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05d0\u05b6\u0596\u05e8\u05b6\u05e5 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b4\u05e0\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05de\u05b4\u05bd\u05df\u05c3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Verses 1:4-10: God tells Jeremiah that He appointed him, before his birth, as a prophet to all nations. Jeremiah replies that he is unfit since he cannot speak. God rejects this, insisting that he follow His command without fear since He will protect him from those who will oppose him. God places His word in his mouth so he can speak.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Jeremiah 1:10<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d9\u05e8\u05de\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5 \u05d0:\u05d9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
See, today I have appointed you over the nations and over the kingdoms, to root out, to pull down, to destroy, and to throw down; to build and to plant.<\/span><\/td>\n\u05e8\u05b0\u05d0\u05b5\u059e\u05d4 \u05d4\u05b4\u05e4\u05b0\u05e7\u05b7\u05d3\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05a3\u05d9\u05da\u05b8\u2009\u05c0 \u05d4\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05a3\u05d5\u05b9\u05dd \u05d4\u05b7\u05d6\u05bc\u05b6\u0597\u05d4 \u05e2\u05b7\u05dc\u05be\u05d4\u05b7\u05d2\u05bc\u05d5\u05b9\u05d9\u05b4\u05dd\u0599 \u05d5\u05b0\u05e2\u05b7\u05dc\u05be\u05d4\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05b7\u05de\u05b0\u05dc\u05b8\u05db\u0594\u05d5\u05b9\u05ea \u05dc\u05b4\u05e0\u05b0\u05ea\u05a5\u05d5\u05b9\u05e9\u05c1 \u05d5\u05b0\u05dc\u05b4\u05e0\u05b0\u05ea\u0596\u05d5\u05b9\u05e5 \u05d5\u05bc\u05dc\u05b0\u05d4\u05b7\u05d0\u05b2\u05d1\u05b4\u05a3\u05d9\u05d3 \u05d5\u05b0\u05dc\u05b7\u05d4\u05b2\u05e8\u0591\u05d5\u05b9\u05e1 \u05dc\u05b4\u05d1\u05b0\u05e0\u0596\u05d5\u05b9\u05ea \u05d5\u05b0\u05dc\u05b4\u05e0\u05b0\u05d8\u05bd\u05d5\u05b9\u05e2\u05b7\u05c3\u00a0{\u05e4}<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Verses 1:11-12: God shows Jeremiah he can prophetically see an almond tree branch. Praising Jeremiah\u2019s prophetic vision, God tells him that it symbolizes His speed in carrying out His word.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Jeremiah 1:11<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d9\u05e8\u05de\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5 \u05d0:\u05d9\u05f4\u05d0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
The Lord\u2019s word came to me, saying, \u201cWhat do you see, Jeremiah?\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

I said, \u201cI see a rod of an almond tree.\u201d<\/span><\/td>\n

\u05d5\u05b7\u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05b4\u05a4\u05d9 \u05d3\u05b0\u05d1\u05b7\u05e8\u05be\u05d4’ \u05d0\u05b5\u05dc\u05b7\u05a3\u05d9 \u05dc\u05b5\u05d0\u05de\u05b9\u0594\u05e8 \u05de\u05b8\u05d4\u05be\u05d0\u05b7\u05ea\u05bc\u05b8\u05a5\u05d4 \u05e8\u05b9\u05d0\u05b6\u0596\u05d4 \u05d9\u05b4\u05e8\u05b0\u05de\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u0591\u05d4\u05d5\u05bc \u05d5\u05b8\u05d0\u05b9\u05de\u05b7\u0595\u05e8 \u05de\u05b7\u05e7\u05bc\u05b5\u05a5\u05dc \u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05e7\u05b5\u0596\u05d3 \u05d0\u05b2\u05e0\u05b4\u05a5\u05d9 \u05e8\u05b9\u05d0\u05b6\u05bd\u05d4\u05c3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Verses 1:13-16: God shows Jeremiah a vision of a boiling pot in the north. It symbolizes that God is bringing all the nations from the north, led by their kings, to punish Judah and Jerusalem for abandoning Him to serve idols.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Jeremiah 1:15<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d9\u05e8\u05de\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5 \u05d0:\u05d8\u05f4\u05d5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u201cFor, behold Me [as I] summon all the northern kingdoms\u2019 families,\u201d says the Lord. \u201cThey will come and place, each one, his throne at the entrance of Jerusalem\u2019s gates, against all its walls around, and against all Judah\u2019s cities.\u201d<\/span><\/td>\n\u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05a3\u05d9 \u05c0 \u05d4\u05b4\u05e0\u05b0\u05e0\u05b4\u05a3\u05d9 \u05e7\u05b9\u05e8\u05b5\u0597\u05d0 \u05dc\u05b0\u05db\u05b8\u05bd\u05dc\u05be\u05de\u05b4\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05e4\u05bc\u05b0\u05d7\u059b\u05d5\u05b9\u05ea \u05de\u05b7\u05de\u05b0\u05dc\u05b0\u05db\u05a5\u05d5\u05b9\u05ea \u05e6\u05b8\u05e4\u0596\u05d5\u05b9\u05e0\u05b8\u05d4 \u05e0\u05b0\u05d0\u05bb\u05dd\u05be\u05d4\u2019 \u05d5\u05bc\u05d1\u05b8\u05a1\u05d0\u05d5\u05bc \u05d5\u05b0\u05bd\u05e0\u05b8\u05ea\u05b0\u05e0\u05d5\u05bc\u05a9 \u05d0\u05b4\u05a8\u05d9\u05e9\u05c1 \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05e1\u05b0\u05d0\u059c\u05d5\u05b9 \u05e4\u05bc\u05b6\u05a3\u05ea\u05b7\u05d7 \u05c0 \u05e9\u05c1\u05b7\u05e2\u05b2\u05e8\u05b5\u05a3\u05d9 \u05d9\u05b0\u05e8\u05d5\u05bc\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05dc\u05b7\u05b4\u0597\u05dd \u05d5\u05b0\u05e2\u05b7\u05a4\u05dc \u05db\u05bc\u05b8\u05dc\u05be\u05d7\u05d5\u05b9\u05de\u05b9\u05ea\u05b6\u0599\u05d9\u05d4\u05b8\u0599 \u05e1\u05b8\u05d1\u05b4\u0594\u05d9\u05d1 \u05d5\u05b0\u05e2\u05b7\u0596\u05dc \u05db\u05bc\u05b8\u05dc\u05be\u05e2\u05b8\u05e8\u05b5\u05a5\u05d9 \u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05d5\u05bc\u05d3\u05b8\u05bd\u05d4\u05c3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Verses 1:17-19: Jeremiah must stand strong while delivering God\u2019s words to Judah and its entire leadership; God will protect him as they battle against him. If Jeremiah is weak, God will ensure that his enemies destroy him.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Jeremiah 1:18<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d9\u05e8\u05de\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5 \u05d0:\u05d9\u05f4\u05d7<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
I [God], behold I have made you today into a fortified city, an iron pillar, and copper walls against the entire land- against Judah\u2019s kings, its princes, its priests, and the people of the land.<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d5\u05b7\u05d0\u05b2\u05e0\u05b4\u059e\u05d9 \u05d4\u05b4\u05e0\u05bc\u05b5\u05a7\u05d4 \u05e0\u05b0\u05ea\u05b7\u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05a3\u05d9\u05da\u05b8 \u05d4\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u0597\u05d5\u05b9\u05dd \u05dc\u05b0\u05e2\u05b4\u05a8\u05d9\u05e8 \u05de\u05b4\u05d1\u05b0\u05e6\u05b8\u059c\u05e8 \u05d5\u05bc\u05dc\u05b0\u05e2\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05a5\u05d5\u05bc\u05d3 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b7\u05e8\u05b0\u05d6\u05b6\u059b\u05dc \u05d5\u05bc\u05dc\u05b0\u05d7\u05b9\u05de\u05a5\u05d5\u05b9\u05ea \u05e0\u05b0\u05d7\u05b9\u0596\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05ea \u05e2\u05b7\u05dc\u05be\u05db\u05bc\u05b8\u05dc\u05be\u05d4\u05b8\u05d0\u05b8\u0591\u05e8\u05b6\u05e5 \u05dc\u05b0\u05de\u05b7\u05dc\u05b0\u05db\u05b5\u05a4\u05d9 \u05d9\u05b0\u05d4\u05d5\u05bc\u05d3\u05b8\u05d4\u0599 \u05dc\u05b0\u05e9\u05c2\u05b8\u05e8\u05b6\u0594\u05d9\u05d4\u05b8 \u05dc\u05b0\u05db\u05b9\u05d4\u05b2\u05e0\u05b6\u0596\u05d9\u05d4\u05b8 \u05d5\u05bc\u05dc\u05b0\u05e2\u05b7\u05a5\u05dd \u05d4\u05b8\u05d0\u05b8\u05bd\u05e8\u05b6\u05e5\u05c3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Verses 2:1-3: Jeremiah must tell Jerusalem that God remembers Israel\u2019s youthful loyalty to Him in the wilderness after the Exodus. Israel is God\u2019s \u201cfirst crop\u201d among the nations, so He will punish those who consume them.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Jeremiah 2:2<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d9\u05e8\u05de\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5 \u05d1:\u05d1<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[Jeremiah,] go and call out into Jerusalem\u2019s ears saying, \u201cSo said the Lord, \u2018I remember for you the kindness of your youth, your love as [My] bride, when you went after Me in the wilderness, in an unsown land.\u2019 \u201d<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d4\u05b8\u05dc\u05b9\u05a1\u05da\u05b0 \u05d5\u05b0\u05e7\u05b8\u05bd\u05e8\u05b8\u05d0\u05ea\u05b8\u05a9 \u05d1\u05b0\u05d0\u05b8\u05d6\u05b0\u05e0\u05b5\u05a8\u05d9 \u05d9\u05b0\u05e8\u05d5\u05bc\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05dc\u05b7\u05b4\u059c\u05dd \u05dc\u05b5\u05d0\u05de\u05b9\u0597\u05e8 \u05db\u05bc\u05b9\u059a\u05d4 \u05d0\u05b8\u05de\u05b7\u05a3\u05e8 \u05d4\u05f3 \u05d6\u05b8\u05db\u05b7\u05a4\u05e8\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9 \u05dc\u05b8\u05da\u05b0\u0599 \u05d7\u05b6\u05a3\u05e1\u05b6\u05d3 \u05e0\u05b0\u05e2\u05d5\u05bc\u05e8\u05b7\u0594\u05d9\u05b4\u05da\u05b0 \u05d0\u05b7\u05d4\u05b2\u05d1\u05b7\u0596\u05ea \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05dc\u05d5\u05bc\u05dc\u05b9\u05ea\u05b8\u0591\u05d9\u05b4\u05da\u05b0 \u05dc\u05b6\u05db\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b5\u05a4\u05da\u05b0 \u05d0\u05b7\u05d7\u05b2\u05e8\u05b7\u05d9\u0599 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05b4\u05d3\u05b0\u05d1\u05bc\u05b8\u0594\u05e8 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05d0\u05b6\u0596\u05e8\u05b6\u05e5 \u05dc\u05b9\u05a5\u05d0 \u05d6\u05b0\u05e8\u05d5\u05bc\u05e2\u05b8\u05bd\u05d4\u05c3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Connection<\/b><\/p>\n

The Talmud asserts that the <\/span>almond branch Jeremiah saw symbolizes the Three Weeks<\/span> between the 17th of Tammuz and the 9th of Av.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Jerusalem Talmud Taanit 23a<\/span><\/td>\n\u05ea\u05dc\u05de\u05d5\u05d3 \u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05e9\u05dc\u05de\u05d9 \u05ea\u05e2\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea \u05db\u05f4\u05d2 \u05d0\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[There are] 21 days from when [Jerusalem] was breached [on the 17th of Tammuz] until the day of the Temple\u2019s destruction [on the 9th of Av]. Rav Avunah said, \u201cA sign [for these 21 days] is, \u2018I see a rod of an almond tree\u2019 (Jer. 1:11): Just as an almond tree puts forth blossoms and produces its fruit 21 days later, so too there were 21 days from when [Jerusalem] was breached until the day the Temple was destroyed.\u201d<\/span><\/td>\n \u05db”\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05de\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d1\u05e7\u05e2\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e2\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d5\u05e2\u05d3 \u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05e9\u05d7\u05e8\u05d1 \u05d1\u05d4\u05de”\u05e7.\u00a0 \u05d0”\u05e8 \u05d0\u05d1\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e1\u05d9\u05de\u05e0\u05d0 (\u05d9\u05e8\u05de\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5 \u05d0) \u05de\u05e7\u05dc \u05e9\u05e7\u05d3 \u05d0\u05e0\u05d9 \u05e8\u05d5\u05d0\u05d4 \u05de\u05d4 \u05d4\u05dc\u05d5\u05d6 \u05d4\u05d6\u05d4 \u05de\u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05de\u05d5\u05e6\u05d9\u05d0 \u05d0\u05ea \u05e0\u05d9\u05e6\u05d5 \u05d5\u05e2\u05d3 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d2\u05d5\u05de\u05e8 \u05d0\u05ea \u05e4\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea\u05d9\u05d5 \u05db”\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05db\u05da \u05de\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05e9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d1\u05e7\u05e2\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e2\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d5\u05e2\u05d3 \u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05e9\u05d7\u05e8\u05d1 \u05d4\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05db”\u05d0 \u05d9\u05d5\u05dd.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

With emendations, all translations are from Sefaria.org.\u00a0 To dedicate, comment, or subscribe, email <\/span>haftarahhelper@gmail.com<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Download PDF From this Shabbat until Shabbat Shuva, the weekly Haftarot relate to the Jewish calendar instead of the weekly Parashah. The first three of these Haftarot are the Three of Affliction (Aramaic: \u05ea\u05dc\u05ea \u05d3\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05e2\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d0), describing the destruction of Judah, Jerusalem, and the First Temple in 587 BCE. They are recited on consecutive Shabbatot of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":133836,"featured_media":53032,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[359],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53030","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-the-three-weeks"],"yoast_head":"\nThree of Affliction #1 (Pinchas or Mattot): Jeremiah 1:1-2:3 - Jewish Holidays<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ou.org\/holidays\/three-of-affliction-1-pinchas-or-mattot-jeremiah-11-23\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Three of Affliction #1 (Pinchas or Mattot): Jeremiah 1:1-2:3 - Jewish Holidays\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Download PDF From this Shabbat until Shabbat Shuva, the weekly Haftarot relate to the Jewish calendar instead of the weekly Parashah. The first three of these Haftarot are the Three of Affliction (Aramaic: \u05ea\u05dc\u05ea \u05d3\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05e2\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d0), describing the destruction of Judah, Jerusalem, and the First Temple in 587 BCE. 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