{"id":52945,"date":"2022-06-01T15:20:28","date_gmt":"2022-06-01T15:20:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ou.org\/holidays\/?p=52945"},"modified":"2022-06-01T15:22:55","modified_gmt":"2022-06-01T15:22:55","slug":"haftarah-helper-for-shavuot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ou.org\/holidays\/haftarah-helper-for-shavuot\/","title":{"rendered":"Haftarah Helper for Shavuot"},"content":{"rendered":"

Download PDF<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

God\u2019s revelations in the Haftarot of Shavuot and the Torah reading for its first day (Exodus 19-20) terrified those who experienced them. They share elements such as God\u2019s voice and light, yet also differ markedly. In the Torah reading, God descends a remote desert mountain to strike a covenant with His entire people and gives them laws. Many eras later, the 2nd day\u2019s Haftarah takes place in the Land. God reveals Himself to a single person as a chariot warrior, descending from heaven to earth to execute justice for His people by defeating their enemies. A few years later alongside a river in Babylon, God reveals Himself in the 1st day\u2019s Haftarah again to a single person. Amidst mysterious creatures, God also appears exiled to \u201cHis Place\u201d in the heavens.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Day 1: Ezekiel 1:1-28, 3:12<\/b><\/p>\n

More than a century after Assyria exiled the Northern Kingdom of Israel, Assyria\u2019s successor, Babylon, again threatened from the north. Its initial conquests of the Southern Kingdom of Judah led to the exile to Babylon, in 597 BCE, of its king, Jehoiachin, and other leaders. Judah, Jerusalem, and the Temple still stood.<\/span><\/p>\n

Five years later, God summoned Ezekiel, an exiled priest, to prophecy in Babylon with an astounding revelation that depicts detailed likenesses of His angels, throne, and even glimpses of His glory. In order to reach its final verse, the Haftarah skips two chapters describing God\u2019s mission for Ezekiel to the people of Judah in Jerusalem and Babylon. The final verse describes a wind that transports Ezekiel while \u201cbehind\u201d him, he hears that God\u2019s glory is blessed \u201cfrom His place.\u201d As are His prophet and people, God\u2019s exile from the Land has begun.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Haftarah Breakdown<\/b><\/p>\n

Verses 1-3: Five years after Ezekiel and Judah\u2019s initial exiles arrived in Babylon, God opened the heavens to show him a divine vision on 5 Tammuz, 592 BCE at the Chebar River.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Ezekiel 1:3<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d9\u05d7\u05d6\u05e7\u05d0\u05dc \u05d0:\u05d2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
The Lord\u2019s word came to the priest Ezekiel son of Buzi, by the Chebar River in the land of the Chaldeans. The Lord\u2019s hand was upon him there.<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d4\u05b8\u05d9\u05b9\u05a3\u05d4 \u05d4\u05b8\u05d9\u05b8\u05a3\u05d4 \u05d3\u05b0\u05d1\u05b7\u05e8\u05be\u05d4 \u05d0\u05b6\u05dc\u05be\u05d9\u05b0\u05d7\u05b6\u05d6\u05b0\u05e7\u05b5\u05a8\u05d0\u05dc \u05d1\u05bc\u05b6\u05df\u05be\u05d1\u05bc\u05d5\u05bc\u05d6\u05b4\u05a7\u05d9 \u05d4\u05b7\u05db\u05bc\u05b9\u05d4\u05b5\u059b\u05df \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05d0\u05b6\u05a5\u05e8\u05b6\u05e5 \u05db\u05bc\u05b7\u05e9\u05c2\u05b0\u05d3\u05bc\u05b4\u0596\u05d9\u05dd \u05e2\u05b7\u05dc\u05be\u05e0\u05b0\u05d4\u05b7\u05e8\u05be\u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05d1\u05b8\u0591\u05e8 \u05d5\u05b7\u05ea\u05bc\u05b0\u05d4\u05b4\u05a5\u05d9 \u05e2\u05b8\u05dc\u05b8\u059b\u05d9\u05d5 \u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u0596\u05dd \u05d9\u05b7\u05d3\u05be \u05d4’\u05c3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

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Verses 4-9: Ezekiel sees a great, fiery cloud coming from the north. It is encircled by light, and electric flashes appear amidst its fire. He sees four angelic beings (\u201c<\/span>chaya<\/span><\/i>\u201d; plural, \u201c<\/span>chayot<\/span><\/i>\u201d) with human-like, dazzling bright appearances.\u00a0 Each has four heads, four wings with a human hand underneath, and a straight, calf-like foot.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Ezekiel 1:4<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d9\u05d7\u05d6\u05e7\u05d0\u05dc \u05d0:\u05d3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
I looked, and lo, a stormy wind came sweeping out of the north\u2014a huge cloud and flashing fire, surrounded by a radiance; and in the center of it, in the center of the fire, a gleam as of amber.<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d5\u05b8\u05d0\u05b5\u05a1\u05e8\u05b6\u05d0 \u05d5\u05b0\u05d4\u05b4\u05e0\u05bc\u05b5\u05d4\u05a9 \u05e8\u05a8\u05d5\u05bc\u05d7\u05b7 \u05e1\u05b0\u05e2\u05b8\u05e8\u05b8\u059c\u05d4 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b8\u05d0\u05b8\u05a3\u05d4 \u05de\u05b4\u05df\u05be\u05d4\u05b7\u05e6\u05bc\u05b8\u05e4\u0597\u05d5\u05b9\u05df \u05e2\u05b8\u05e0\u05b8\u05a4\u05df \u05d2\u05bc\u05b8\u05d3\u05d5\u05b9\u05dc\u0599 \u05d5\u05b0\u05d0\u05b5\u05a3\u05e9\u05c1 \u05de\u05b4\u05ea\u05b0\u05dc\u05b7\u05e7\u05bc\u05b7\u0594\u05d7\u05b7\u05ea \u05d5\u05b0\u05e0\u05b9\u05a5\u05d2\u05b7\u05bd\u05d4\u05bc \u05dc\u0596\u05d5\u05b9 \u05e1\u05b8\u05d1\u05b4\u0591\u05d9\u05d1 \u05d5\u05bc\u05de\u05b4\u05a8\u05ea\u05bc\u05d5\u05b9\u05db\u05b8\u0594\u05d4\u05bc \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05e2\u05b5\u05a5\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05b7\u05d7\u05b7\u05e9\u05c1\u05b0\u05de\u05b7\u0596\u05dc \u05de\u05b4\u05ea\u05bc\u05a5\u05d5\u05b9\u05da\u05b0 \u05d4\u05b8\u05d0\u05b5\u05bd\u05e9\u05c1\u05c3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

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Verses 10-12: The four heads have faces of a human, a lion, a vulture, and an ox. Their paired wings face upwards, covering their bodies. Each <\/span>chaya <\/span><\/i>moves straight, without rotating, in the direction of the wind blowing it.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Ezekiel 1:10<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d9\u05d7\u05d6\u05e7\u05d0\u05dc \u05d0:\u05d9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Each of them has a human face [at its front]; each of the four has a lion\u2019s face on its right; each of the four has an ox\u2019s face on its left, and each of the four has a vulture\u2019s face [at its rear].<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d5\u05bc\u05d3\u05b0\u05de\u05a3\u05d5\u05bc\u05ea \u05e4\u05bc\u05b0\u05e0\u05b5\u05d9\u05d4\u05b6\u05dd\u05ae \u05e4\u05bc\u05b0\u05e0\u05b5\u05a3\u05d9 \u05d0\u05b8\u05d3\u05b8\u05dd\u0592 \u05d5\u05bc\u05e4\u05b0\u05e0\u05b5\u05a8\u05d9 \u05d0\u05b7\u05e8\u05b0\u05d9\u05b5\u05a4\u05d4 \u05d0\u05b6\u05dc\u05be\u05d4\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05b8\u05de\u05b4\u05d9\u05df\u0599 \u05dc\u05b0\u05d0\u05b7\u05e8\u05b0\u05d1\u05bc\u05b7\u05e2\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b8\u0594\u05dd \u05d5\u05bc\u05e4\u05b0\u05e0\u05b5\u05d9\u05be\u05e9\u05c1\u05a5\u05d5\u05b9\u05e8 \u05de\u05b5\u05bd\u05d4\u05b7\u05e9\u05c2\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05b9\u0596\u05d0\u05d5\u05dc \u05dc\u05b0\u05d0\u05b7\u05e8\u05b0\u05d1\u05bc\u05b7\u05e2\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b8\u0591\u05df \u05d5\u05bc\u05e4\u05b0\u05e0\u05b5\u05d9\u05be\u05e0\u05b6\u0596\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05e8 \u05dc\u05b0\u05d0\u05b7\u05e8\u05b0\u05d1\u05bc\u05b7\u05e2\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b8\u05bd\u05df\u05c3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Verses 13-21: Each <\/span>chaya <\/span><\/i>moves lightning-quick, back and forth. On each of its four bottom sides, an identical bejeweled \u201cwheel with a wheel\u201d determines whether it moves and its direction of motion- including upwards off the ground. Each <\/span>chaya <\/span><\/i>was tall, with eyes facing outwards in every direction covering its top.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Ezekiel 1:16<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d9\u05d7\u05d6\u05e7\u05d0\u05dc \u05d0:\u05d8\u05f4\u05d6<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
The appearance of the wheels and their structure are like a gem. All four have the same form. Their appearance and structure were like one wheel inside another wheel.<\/span><\/td>\n\u05de\u05b7\u05e8\u05b0\u05d0\u05b5\u05a8\u05d4 \u05d4\u05b8\u05d0\u05d5\u05b9\u05e4\u05b7\u05e0\u05bc\u05b4\u05a4\u05d9\u05dd \u05d5\u05bc\u05de\u05b7\u05e2\u05b2\u05e9\u05c2\u05b5\u05d9\u05d4\u05b6\u05dd\u0599 \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05e2\u05b5\u05a3\u05d9\u05df \u05ea\u05bc\u05b7\u05e8\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u0594\u05d9\u05e9\u05c1 \u05d5\u05bc\u05d3\u05b0\u05de\u05a5\u05d5\u05bc\u05ea \u05d0\u05b6\u05d7\u05b8\u0596\u05d3 \u05dc\u05b0\u05d0\u05b7\u05e8\u05b0\u05d1\u05bc\u05b7\u05e2\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b8\u0591\u05df \u05d5\u05bc\u05de\u05b7\u05e8\u05b0\u05d0\u05b5\u05d9\u05d4\u05b6\u05dd\u0599 \u05d5\u05bc\u05de\u05b7\u05a3\u05e2\u05b2\u05e9\u05c2\u05b5\u05d9\u05d4\u05b6\u0594\u05dd \u05db\u05bc\u05b7\u05d0\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u059b\u05e8 \u05d9\u05b4\u05d4\u05b0\u05d9\u05b6\u05a5\u05d4 \u05d4\u05b8\u05d0\u05d5\u05b9\u05e4\u05b7\u0596\u05df \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05ea\u05a5\u05d5\u05b9\u05da\u05b0 \u05d4\u05b8\u05d0\u05d5\u05b9\u05e4\u05b8\u05bd\u05df\u05c3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

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Verses 22-25: Above the <\/span>chayot<\/span><\/i> is a firmament of \u201cthe fearsome ice.\u201d A pair of each <\/span>chaya<\/span><\/i>\u2019s wings spreads out under the firmament as another covers its body. A <\/span>chaya <\/span><\/i>is quiet when still, but when it moves, Ezekiel hears the water-like sounds of its wings, as well as a sound from above the firmament above it.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Ezekiel 1:22<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d9\u05d7\u05d6\u05e7\u05d0\u05dc \u05d0:\u05db\u05f4\u05d1<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Above each <\/span>chaya<\/span><\/i>\u2019s head appeared a firmament [that looked like] the fearsome ice, spread out above their heads.<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d5\u05bc\u05d3\u05b0\u05de\u059e\u05d5\u05bc\u05ea \u05e2\u05b7\u05dc\u05be\u05e8\u05b8\u05d0\u05e9\u05c1\u05b5\u05a4\u05d9 \u05d4\u05b7\u05d7\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05b8\u05d4\u0599 \u05e8\u05b8\u05e7\u05b4\u0594\u05d9\u05e2\u05b7 \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05e2\u05b5\u0596\u05d9\u05df \u05d4\u05b7\u05e7\u05bc\u05b6\u05a3\u05e8\u05b7\u05d7 \u05d4\u05b7\u05e0\u05bc\u05d5\u05b9\u05e8\u05b8\u0591\u05d0 \u05e0\u05b8\u05d8\u05a5\u05d5\u05bc\u05d9 \u05e2\u05b7\u05dc\u05be\u05e8\u05b8\u05d0\u05e9\u05c1\u05b5\u05d9\u05d4\u05b6\u0596\u05dd \u05de\u05b4\u05dc\u05b0\u05de\u05b8\u05bd\u05e2\u05b0\u05dc\u05b8\u05d4\u05c3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

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Verses 26-28, 3:12: Above the firmament over the <\/span>chayot<\/span><\/i>, Ezekiel sees a human-like figure on a sapphire-like throne. Its dramatic appearance differs above and below the thighs. An image of God\u2019s glory appears like a rainbow after rain. Overawed, Ezekiel prostrates himself and then hears a speaking Voice.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Ezekiel 1:26<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d9\u05d7\u05d6\u05e7\u05d0\u05dc \u05d0:\u05db\u05f4\u05d5<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Above the expanse over their heads was the semblance of a throne, in appearance like sapphire; and on top, upon this semblance of the throne, there was the semblance of a human form.<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d5\u05bc\u05de\u05b4\u05de\u05bc\u05b7\u0597\u05e2\u05b7\u05dc \u05dc\u05b8\u05e8\u05b8\u05e7\u05b4\u0599\u05d9\u05e2\u05b7\u0599 \u05d0\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05a3\u05e8 \u05e2\u05b7\u05dc\u05be\u05e8\u05b9\u05d0\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u0594\u05dd \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05b7\u05e8\u05b0\u05d0\u05b5\u05a5\u05d4 \u05d0\u05b6\u05bd\u05d1\u05b6\u05df\u05be\u05e1\u05b7\u05e4\u05bc\u05b4\u0596\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d3\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05a3\u05d5\u05bc\u05ea \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05e1\u05bc\u05b5\u0591\u05d0 \u05d5\u05b0\u05e2\u05b7\u05dc\u0599 \u05d3\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05a3\u05d5\u05bc\u05ea \u05d4\u05b7\u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05e1\u05bc\u05b5\u0594\u05d0 \u05d3\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u059e\u05d5\u05bc\u05ea \u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05de\u05b7\u05e8\u05b0\u05d0\u05b5\u05a5\u05d4 \u05d0\u05b8\u05d3\u05b8\u059b\u05dd \u05e2\u05b8\u05dc\u05b8\u0596\u05d9\u05d5 \u05de\u05b4\u05dc\u05b0\u05de\u05b8\u05bd\u05e2\u05b0\u05dc\u05b8\u05d4\u05c3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

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Connections<\/b><\/p>\n

The <\/span>Mishnah<\/span> limits teaching the <\/span>mystical truths<\/span> of the Haftarah to<\/span> select individual sages:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Mishnah Hagigah 2:1<\/span><\/td>\n\u05de\u05e9\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d7\u05d2\u05d9\u05d2\u05d4 \u05d1:\u05d0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
One may not expound upon\u2026 the work of the chariot in the presence of [even] one unless he is a sage who understands [it] with his own intellect\u2026.<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d0\u05b5\u05d9\u05df \u05d3\u05bc\u05d5\u05b9\u05e8\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d9\u05df… \u05d5\u05b0\u05dc\u05b9\u05d0 \u05d1\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05b6\u05e8\u05b0\u05db\u05bc\u05b8\u05d1\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05d9\u05b8\u05d7\u05b4\u05d9\u05d3, \u05d0\u05b6\u05dc\u05bc\u05b8\u05d0 \u05d0\u05b4\u05dd \u05db\u05bc\u05b5\u05df \u05d4\u05b8\u05d9\u05b8\u05d4 \u05d7\u05b8\u05db\u05b8\u05dd \u05d5\u05bc\u05de\u05b5\u05d1\u05b4\u05d9\u05df \u05de\u05b4\u05d3\u05bc\u05b7\u05e2\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05d5\u05b9…:\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Commenting on the Haftarah, Rashi states it is <\/span>forbidden to elaborate on its apparent description of Gods\u2019 glory<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Rashi on Ezekiel 1:27<\/span><\/td>\n\u05e8\u05e9”\u05d9 \u05e2\u05dc \u05d9\u05d7\u05d6\u05e7\u05d0\u05dc \u05d0:\u05db\u05f4\u05d6<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Permission is not granted to contemplate this verse.<\/span><\/td>\n\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e0\u05ea\u05df \u05e8\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d4\u05ea\u05d1\u05d5\u05e0\u05df \u05d1\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d0 \u05d6\u05d4:\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

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The Haftarah <\/span>inspired many passages of the Siddur<\/span>, including <\/span>Kel Adon<\/span> recited on Shabbat morning.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
First Blessing of Shacharit Shema on Shabbat (Ashkenazim)<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d1\u05e8\u05db\u05d4 \u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e7\u05e8\u05d9\u05d0\u05ea \u05e9\u05de\u05e2 \u05e9\u05d7\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea \u05dc\u05e9\u05d1\u05ea<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
[God is] exalted above the holy <\/span>chayot<\/span><\/i>, adorned in glory on the Chariot. Merit and equity are before His throne. His glory is filled with kindness and mercy.<\/span><\/td>\n\u05c3\u05d4\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05b4\u05ea\u05b0\u05d2\u05bc\u05b8\u05d0\u05b6\u05d4 \u05e2\u05b7\u05dc \u05d7\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05b7\u05e7\u05bc\u05d3\u05b6\u05e9\u05c1. \u05d5\u05b0\u05e0\u05b6\u05d4\u05b0\u05d3\u05bc\u05b8\u05e8 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05db\u05b8\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3 \u05e2\u05b7\u05dc \u05d4\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05b6\u05e8\u05b0\u05db\u05bc\u05b8\u05d1\u05b8\u05d4. \u05d6\u05b0\u05db\u05d5\u05bc\u05ea \u05d5\u05bc\u05de\u05b4\u05d9\u05e9\u05c1\u05d5\u05e8 \u05dc\u05b4\u05e4\u05b0\u05e0\u05b5\u05d9 \u05db\u05b4\u05e1\u05b0\u05d0\u05d5. \u05d7\u05b6\u05e1\u05b6\u05d3 \u05d5\u05b0\u05e8\u05b7\u05d7\u05b2\u05de\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05b8\u05dc\u05b5\u05d0 \u05db\u05b0\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d5:<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Shavuot Day 2: Habakkuk 2:20-3:19<\/b><\/p>\n

Habakkuk packs multifaceted and passionate messages into his book\u2019s 56 verses. The Bible reports nothing about him as a person; even his era can only be surmised. He defiantly challenges God\u2019s justice for allowing Chaldean (Babylonian) regional conquests and yearns for their punishment- yet he is silent about Israel\u2019s sins. Together, these suggest he was Jeremiah\u2019s contemporary, probably during or after King Josiah\u2019s reforms of Judah after the discovery of a Torah in the Temple in 621 BCE but before the partial Babylonian conquest of Judah in 597<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

The Haftarah consists of the concluding, 3rd chapter of Habakkuk\u2019s book and the verse preceding it. With astonishing anthropomorphism, it poetically presents the revelation of God sweeping from the heavens into world affairs to punish Babylon. In hushed awe, Earth and humanity wait for God\u2019s arrival. God\u2019s radiant glory appears from Judah\u2019s south, similar to the revelation at Sinai commemorated on Shavuot.<\/span><\/p>\n

God then storms in as an armed chariot warrior, creating upheaval and terror on air, land, and sea. God\u2019s ferocious attack on Babylon and its leaders is shockingly violent. God\u2019s punishing fury stems, in part, from Babylon\u2019s joy in using its brute military force to devour Judah and other weaker nations, just as the powerful oppress or kill the poor and weak with impunity. The terror of this revelation and the additional destruction it will bring causes Habakkuk physical agony. Nonetheless, God\u2019s display of His justice apparently answers the bitter reproach against God\u2019s refusal to punish the wicked as they oppress the innocent which Habakkuk flung at God in his book\u2019s opening lines. He therefore thanks God for strengthening him and exults with renewed trust in God.<\/span><\/p>\n

Unusually for a prophetic book, chapter 3 of the Haftarah includes words typically or exclusively found in Psalms: \u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d2\u05b0\u05d9\u05b9\u05e0\u05bd\u05d5\u05b9\u05ea in verse 1, \u05dc\u05b7\u05de\u05b0\u05e0\u05b7\u05e6\u05bc\u05b5\u0596\u05d7\u05b7 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b4\u05e0\u05b0\u05d2\u05b4\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05b9\u05ea\u05b8\u05bd\u05d9 in its final verse, and \u05e1\u05b6\u05bd\u05dc\u05b8\u05d4<\/span> in verses 3, 9, and 13. The precise meanings of these terms are generally unclear, as is the significance of their usage in this particular chapter.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Haftarah Breakdown<\/b><\/p>\n

Verses 2:20-3:2: Awaiting God\u2019s intervention from heaven against Babylon, the entire earth is hushed. Knowing\u00a0 God\u2019s power, Habakkuk gives voice to Israel\u2019s hope that God spare them while wrathfully punishing Babylon.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Habakkuk 3:2<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d7\u05d1\u05e7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d2:\u05d1<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
O Lord, I have heard a report of You. I feared, O Lord, Your works. Revive them within [a few] years, let them be known within [a few] years! In wrath, remember compassion.<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d4\u05b9’ \u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05de\u05b7\u05a3\u05e2\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9 \u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05de\u05b0\u05e2\u05b2\u05da\u05b8\u05ae \u05d9\u05b8\u05e8\u05b5\u0592\u05d0\u05ea\u05b4\u05d9\u0592 \u05d4\u05b9’ \u05e4\u05bc\u05c7\u05bd\u05e2\u05c7\u05dc\u05b0\u05da\u05b8\u0599 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05e7\u05b6\u05a4\u05e8\u05b6\u05d1 \u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05e0\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd\u0599 \u05d7\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05b5\u0594\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05bc \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05e7\u05b6\u05a5\u05e8\u05b6\u05d1 \u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05e0\u05b4\u0596\u05d9\u05dd \u05ea\u05bc\u05d5\u05b9\u05d3\u05b4\u0591\u05d9\u05e2\u05b7 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b0\u05e8\u05b9\u0596\u05d2\u05b6\u05d6 \u05e8\u05b7\u05d7\u05b5\u05a5\u05dd \u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05d6\u05b0\u05db\u05bc\u05bd\u05d5\u05b9\u05e8<\/span>:<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Verses 3:3-4: The prophet envisions God\u2019s arrival from heaven, first at Teman (in Edom, to Judah\u2019s southeast) and then at the Paran desert (in the southern Sinai). Heaven and earth reflect God\u2019s brightly radiant yet hidden glory.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Habakkuk 3:3<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d7\u05d1\u05e7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d2:\u05d2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
God comes from Teman and the Holy One from Mount Paran. Selah.<\/span><\/p>\n

His glory covered the heavens, and the earth was full of his praise.<\/span><\/td>\n

\u05d0\u05b1\u05dc\u0599\u05d5\u05b9\u05e7 \u05de\u05b4\u05ea\u05bc\u05b5\u05d9\u05de\u05b8\u05a3\u05df \u05d9\u05b8\u05d1\u0594\u05d5\u05b9\u05d0 \u05d5\u05b0\u05e7\u05b8\u05d3\u05a5\u05d5\u05b9\u05e9\u05c1 \u05de\u05b5\u05bd\u05d4\u05b7\u05e8\u05be\u05e4\u05bc\u05b8\u05d0\u05e8\u05b8\u0596\u05df \u05e1\u05b6\u0591\u05dc\u05b8\u05d4 \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05e1\u05bc\u05b8\u05a4\u05d4 \u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05de\u05b7\u0599\u05d9\u05b4\u05dd\u0599 \u05d4\u05d5\u05b9\u05d3\u0594\u05d5\u05b9 \u05d5\u05bc\u05ea\u05b0\u05d4\u05b4\u05dc\u05bc\u05b8\u05ea\u0596\u05d5\u05b9 \u05de\u05b8\u05dc\u05b0\u05d0\u05b8\u05a5\u05d4 \u05d4\u05b8\u05d0\u05b8\u05bd\u05e8\u05b6\u05e5\u05c3<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Verses 3:5-11: God arrives on horses and chariots, bearing spears, bows and arrows. The earth shakes, mountains shatter and are brought low, seas and rivers roar in upheaval; even the moon and sun stand still. Nations tremble.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Habakkuk 3:8<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d7\u05d1\u05e7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d2:\u05d7<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Is the Lord angry against the rivers? Is Your anger against the rivers? Is Your wrath against the sea? [Such that] You ride upon Your horses, Your chariots of salvation?<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d4\u05b2\u05d1\u05b4\u05e0\u05b0\u05d4\u05b8\u05e8\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd\u0599 \u05d7\u05b8\u05e8\u05b8\u05a3\u05d4 \u05d4’ \u05d0\u05b4\u05a4\u05dd \u05d1\u05bc\u05b7\u05e0\u05bc\u05b0\u05d4\u05b8\u05e8\u05b4\u05d9\u05dd\u0599 \u05d0\u05b7\u05e4\u05bc\u05b6\u0594\u05da\u05b8 \u05d0\u05b4\u05dd\u05be\u05d1\u05bc\u05b7\u05d9\u05bc\u05b8\u0596\u05dd \u05e2\u05b6\u05d1\u05b0\u05e8\u05b8\u05ea\u05b6\u0591\u05da\u05b8 \u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05a4\u05d9 \u05ea\u05b4\u05e8\u05b0\u05db\u05bc\u05b7\u05d1\u0599 \u05e2\u05b7\u05dc\u05be\u05e1\u05d5\u05bc\u05e1\u05b6\u0594\u05d9\u05da\u05b8 \u05de\u05b7\u05e8\u05b0\u05db\u05bc\u05b0\u05d1\u05b9\u05ea\u05b6\u0596\u05d9\u05da\u05b8 \u05d9\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05d5\u05bc\u05e2\u05b8\u05bd\u05d4<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Verses 3:12-15: Striding angrily upon the earth as His chariots churn the sea, God saves His people by smashing Babylon and their homes. For rejoicing as they anticipated devouring Judah with impunity, God pierces Babylon\u2019s leaders\u2019 skulls with their own weapons.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Habakkuk 3:13<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d7\u05d1\u05e7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d2:\u05d9\u05f4\u05d2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
You have come forth to deliver Your people, to deliver Your anointed. You will smash the roof of the villain\u2019s house, raze it from foundation to top. Selah.<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d9\u05b8\u05e6\u05b8\u0599\u05d0\u05ea\u05b8\u0599 \u05dc\u05b0\u05d9\u05b5\u05a3\u05e9\u05c1\u05b7\u05e2 \u05e2\u05b7\u05de\u05bc\u05b6\u0594\u05da\u05b8 \u05dc\u05b0\u05d9\u05b5\u0596\u05e9\u05c1\u05b7\u05e2 \u05d0\u05b6\u05ea\u05be\u05de\u05b0\u05e9\u05c1\u05b4\u05d9\u05d7\u05b6\u0591\u05da\u05b8 \u05de\u05b8\u05d7\u05b7\u05a4\u05e6\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b8 \u05e8\u05bc\u05b9\u05d0\u05e9\u05c1\u0599 \u05de\u05b4\u05d1\u05bc\u05b5\u05a3\u05d9\u05ea \u05e8\u05b8\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u0594\u05e2 \u05e2\u05b8\u05e8\u059b\u05d5\u05b9\u05ea \u05d9\u05b0\u05e1\u05a5\u05d5\u05b9\u05d3 \u05e2\u05b7\u05d3\u05be\u05e6\u05b7\u05d5\u05bc\u05b8\u0596\u05d0\u05e8 \u05e1\u05b6\u05bd\u05dc\u05b8\u05d4\u05c3 (\u05e4)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Verses 3:16-19: Habbakuk\u2019s body convulses from the terror of his vision, and the damage that it will cause to crops, animals, and people. Nonetheless, he rejoices in God, his savior and supporter.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Habakkuk 3:16<\/span><\/td>\n\u05d7\u05d1\u05e7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d2:\u05d8\u05f4\u05d6<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
I heard and my bowels quaked, my lips quivered at the sound, rot entered my bones, I trembled where I stood. I wait calmly for the day of distress, for a people to come to attack us<\/span><\/td>\n\u05e9\u05c1\u05b8\u05de\u05b7\u05a3\u05e2\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05d9 \u05c0 \u05d5\u05b7\u05ea\u05bc\u05b4\u05e8\u05b0\u05d2\u05bc\u05b7\u05a3\u05d6 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b4\u05d8\u05b0\u05e0\u05b4\u0597\u05d9 \u05dc\u05b0\u05e7\u05d5\u05b9\u05dc\u0599 \u05e6\u05b8\u05dc\u05b2\u05dc\u05a3\u05d5\u05bc \u05e9\u05c2\u05b0\u05e4\u05b8\u05ea\u05b7\u0594\u05d9 \u05d9\u05b8\u05d1\u05a5\u05d5\u05b9\u05d0 \u05e8\u05b8\u05e7\u05b8\u059b\u05d1 \u05d1\u05bc\u05b7\u05e2\u05b2\u05e6\u05b8\u05de\u05b7\u0596\u05d9 \u05d5\u05b0\u05ea\u05b7\u05d7\u05b0\u05ea\u05bc\u05b7\u05a3\u05d9 \u05d0\u05b6\u05e8\u05b0\u05d2\u05bc\u05b8\u0591\u05d6 \u05d0\u05b2\u05e9\u05c1\u05b6\u05a4\u05e8 \u05d0\u05b8\u05e0\u0599\u05d5\u05bc\u05d7\u05b7\u0599 \u05dc\u05b0\u05d9\u05a3\u05d5\u05b9\u05dd \u05e6\u05b8\u05e8\u05b8\u0594\u05d4 \u05dc\u05b7\u05e2\u05b2\u05dc\u0596\u05d5\u05b9\u05ea \u05dc\u05b0\u05e2\u05b7\u05a5\u05dd \u05d9\u05b0\u05d2\u05d5\u05bc\u05d3\u05b6\u05bd\u05e0\u05bc\u05d5\u05bc<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Connection<\/b><\/p>\n

Noting the geographical parallel between Moses\u2019s poetic description of God\u2019s revelation at Sinai to the Haftarah\u2019s description of God\u2019s revelation, the Talmud states that <\/span>God offered the Torah to other nations before the Jews<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
Avodah Zarah 2b<\/span><\/td>\n\u05e2\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3\u05d4 \u05d6\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d1 \u05e2\u05de\u05d5\u05d3 \u05d1\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
The nations will say before God: \u201cMaster of the Universe, did You give us the Torah and did we not accept it?\u201d [Since we never received the Torah, why are You judging us for not fulfilling its mitzvot?]<\/span>
\n<\/span>But can one say that [they were never offered the Torah? After all,] (Deut. 33:2) states, \u201cAnd [Moses] said: \u2018The Lord came from Sinai and rose from Seir unto them,\u201d and (Habakkuk 3:3) states: \u201cGod comes from Teman, and the Holy One from Mt.\u00a0 Paran?\u201d! What did God require in Seir, and what did He require in Paran?<\/span>Rabbi Yo\u1e25anan said: \u201cThis teaches that [God] presented [the Torah] to every nation and [speakers of] every language, but they did not accept it- until He came to Israel and they accepted it.<\/span><\/td>\n		\u05d0\u05d5\u05de\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05e4\u05e0\u05d9\u05d5 \u05e8\u05d1\u05e9”\u05e2 \u05db\u05dc\u05d5\u05dd \u05e0\u05ea\u05ea \u05dc\u05e0\u05d5 \u05d5\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e7\u05d9\u05d1\u05dc\u05e0\u05d5\u05d4 \u05d5\u05de\u05d9 \u05de\u05e6\u05d9 \u05dc\u05de\u05d9\u05de\u05e8 \u05d4\u05db\u05d9 \u05d5\u05d4\u05db\u05ea\u05d9’ (\u05d3\u05d1\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05d2, \u05d1) \u05d5\u05d9\u05d0\u05de\u05e8 \u05d4’ \u05de\u05e1\u05d9\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d0 \u05d5\u05d6\u05e8\u05d7 \u05de\u05e9\u05e2\u05d9\u05e8 \u05dc\u05de\u05d5 \u05d5\u05db\u05ea\u05d9\u05d1 (\u05d7\u05d1\u05e7\u05d5\u05e7 \u05d2, \u05d2) \u05d0\u05dc\u05d5\u05d4 \u05de\u05ea\u05d9\u05de\u05df \u05d9\u05d1\u05d5\u05d0 \u05d5\u05d2\u05d5’ \u05de\u05d0\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e2\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e9\u05e2\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d5\u05de\u05d0\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e2\u05d9 \u05d1\u05e4\u05d0\u05e8\u05df \u05d0”\u05e8 \u05d9\u05d5\u05d7\u05e0\u05df \u05de\u05dc\u05de\u05d3 \u05e9\u05d4\u05d7\u05d6\u05d9\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e7\u05d1”\u05d4 \u05e2\u05dc \u05db\u05dc \u05d0\u05d5\u05de\u05d4 \u05d5\u05dc\u05e9\u05d5\u05df \u05d5\u05dc\u05d0 \u05e7\u05d1\u05dc\u05d5\u05d4 \u05e2\u05d3 \u05e9\u05d1\u05d0 \u05d0\u05e6\u05dc \u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc \u05d5\u05e7\u05d1\u05dc\u05d5\u05d4<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

With emendations, all translations are from Sefaria.org.\u00a0 To dedicate, comment, or subscribe, email <\/span>haftarahhelper@gmail.com<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Download PDF God\u2019s revelations in the Haftarot of Shavuot and the Torah reading for its first day (Exodus 19-20) terrified those who experienced them. They share elements such as God\u2019s voice and light, yet also differ markedly. In the Torah reading, God descends a remote desert mountain to strike a covenant with His entire people […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":133836,"featured_media":52947,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_cloudinary_featured_overwrite":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[357],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-52945","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-shavuot"],"yoast_head":"\nHaftarah Helper for Shavuot - Jewish Holidays<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ou.org\/holidays\/haftarah-helper-for-shavuot\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Haftarah Helper for Shavuot - Jewish Holidays\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Download PDF God\u2019s revelations in the Haftarot of Shavuot and the Torah reading for its first day (Exodus 19-20) terrified those who experienced them. They share elements such as God\u2019s voice and light, yet also differ markedly. 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