OU Torah Insights

By Rabbi Avraham Fischer. A publication of the Orthodox Union in cooperation with the Seymour J. Abrams Orthodox Union Jerusalem World Center

Parshat Pinchas
June 29, 2002

One generation has passed and a new generation has arisen to take its place. Accordingly, new leaders are chosen and charged with their tasks. Models of the next generation’s leadership are introduced to us: Pinchas, Elazar, the tribal chiefs, the daughters of Tzelofchad and, of course, Yehoshua.

Moshe is instructed to prepare to end his mission of leading the Wilderness generation. Hashem commands him to
“Ascend this Mountain of Avarim and see the land which I have given to the Children of Israel” (Bamidbar 27:12).

Hirsch (Rabbi Shimshon Raphael Hirsch, 1808-1888) translates Avarim as Transition. We, as well as Moshe, are granted a view from the “Mountain of Transition” into the future. Moshe places his hands on Yehoshua’s head to appoint him as his successor.

What follows, however, seems out of place:
And Hashem spoke to Moshe, saying, “Command the Children of Israel and say to them: My offering, My food for My sacrifices made by fire, My pleasant aroma, shall you guard to offer to Me in its appointed time (B’MO’ADO”)
(28:1-2).

This, says Haamek Davar (R. Naftali Tzvi Yehudah Berlin, 1817-1893), is an introductory verse for the section that follows, which provides a detailed description of each of the community sacrifices offered at an appointed time (MO’ED). MO’ADIM present the dimension of Time in all its divisions during the course of the year:

• The day -  the T’midim, offered every morning and afternoon.
• The week - the additional offering (musaf) for Shabbat.
• The month - the musaf for the new month (Rosh Chodesh).
• The year - the musafim for each of the festivals: Pesach, Shavuot, Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur and Sukkot.

Why is this section describing sacrifices placed here? Would it not have been more fitting to include this in the discussion of the festivals in Vayikra (ch. 23) which, in any case, is the book of sacrifices? Also, why is this placed after the appointment of Yehoshua?

Rashi, quoting from the Sifrei (142), cites an allegory: A princess lying on her deathbed directed her husband to treat her children well. Whereupon, her husband said, “Before you instruct me regarding them, you would do well to instruct them to obey me, and I will naturally treat them well.” Similarly, Moshe had asked Hashem to be good to the people by granting them a leader, but Hashem replies that, if they are obedient to His Will by offering the T’midim, He will be good to them in every respect.

Haamek Davar argues that the purpose of the T’midim would change upon the entry of the people into the land of Israel. As long as they were in the desert, the T’midim maintained the prophetic contact between Hashem and Moshe, in whose merit the manna fell. However, when they would enter the land, the manna would stop and the people would need to provide food for themselves. The T’midim would establish the people’s merit to care for their material needs.

According to the Yalkut Shimoni (p. 542, col. 1), the people of Israel assumed that the T’midim were brought only as long as they were journeying through the wilderness; once they were no longer traveling there would be no T’midim. Therefore, Hashem commanded them that the T’midim would continue even when they would be safely settled in the Land of Israel.

Zayit Ra’anan (commentary on Yalkut Shimoni by R. Avraham Abele ben Chaim HaLevi Gombiner, c. 1637-1683, the Magen Avraham) explains that, as long as they journeyed through the wilderness, they needed to sacrifice in every place where the Mishkan was set up, but at the time the Sanctuary would be established in one place and the sacrifices would be offered once, it would not be necessary to sacrifice again.

The people assumed that regular religious action is needed only in the uncertain and inconstant reality of the wilderness, but that in the stable environment of the Land of Israel, their spiritual state would be sustained.

This idea is remarkably similar to the argument offered by many in Israel today, that the rituals of Judaism are needed in the Diaspora to provide Jews with an identity, but in the State of Israel national identity takes their place.

But Hashem points out the flaw in this assumption:
“Command the Children of Israel and say to them: My offering, My food for My sacrifices made by fire, My pleasant aroma, shall you guard to offer to Me in its appointed time (B’MO’ADO).”

Although the above commentaries focus on the T’midim, the idea can be extended to all the sacrifices that consecrate each division of time, the MO’ADIM. In Israel, as in the wilderness, constant connection to Hashem must be maintained.

Devotion to Hashem is not a function of place, but of time. Our service to Hashem is TAMID, constant; it is regulated by the MOADIM of the day, week, month and year  by every occasion we encounter.

When the people of Israel stand on the brink of a new era of stability, they need to be reminded all the more that when they cease to journey in space, they will continue to move forward in time. Additionally, they will need to sanctify each MOED, every station in their journey through time.

Moreover, their leaders at every level, those who provide the people with their greatest sense of rootedness and stability in the Land of Israel, need to stand at the forefront of this sanctification of time. Together with the ongoing devotion of the community, the leaders of Israel can guide the people of Israel toward a sanctified future.


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